Alstonia macrophylla Wall. ex G.Don

al-STON-ee-uh -- named for Dr C Alston, Scottish Professor of Botany at Edinburgh ... Dave's Botanary
mak-roh-FIL-uh -- big leaf ... Dave's Botanary

commonly known as: batino, devil tree, hard alstonia • Bengali: বড়পাতা ছাতিম bara-pata chhatim • Gujarati: મોટી સપ્તપર્ણી mothi saptaparni • Kannada: ಜಂತಾಲ ಮರ janthaala mara • Malayalam: ബാറ്റിനോ batino • Marathi: मोठी सातवीण mothi satveen • Nicobarese: tachoroi • Onge: chuharoi • Tamil: வெள்ளை மரம் vellai maram • Telugu: బాటినో batino

known for / parts made use of: stem bark, leaves, trunk timber, roots & latex (sap), the whole living tree ... compiled from the web

botanical names: Alstonia macrophylla Wall. ex G.Don ... heterotypic synonyms listed at POWO, retrieved 12 July 2026

Bibliography / etymology / notes

Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will. The bits about the languages of India mentioned below are merely some bare facts gathered from the internet; just enough to satisfy curiosity about "where" could the listed names be best prevalent in India. All English transliterated names to be taken sensu amplo.

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~

written and spoken widely, in most parts of India

batino

• Philippine Medicinal Plants - StuartXchange ... (accessed: July 12, 2026)
• Batino is a popular name for this plant in the Tagalog language (spoken natively by the Tagalog people of the Philippines). ... compiled from the web.

devil tree

• Flowers of India ... (accessed: July 13, 2026)

hard alstonia

• Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia ... (accessed: July 12, 2026)
• Khyade, Mahendra & Kasote, Deepak & Vaikos, Nityanand. (2014). Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. and Alstonia macrophylla Wall. ex G. Don: A Comparative Review on Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 153. 1-18. 10.1016/j.jep.2014.01.025. ... (accessed: July 13, 2026)

matchstick tree

• The Useful Plants of India (CSIR, Publications & Information Directorate)
• While the authoritative publication "The Useful Plants of India" published by CSIR indexes this species under the English name "Match-stick Tree" it is important to note that Alstonia macrophylla is not commercially cultivated for timber on the Indian mainland. It remains strictly an urban ornamental and avenue tree. The matchstick trade designation applies primarily to its native operations in Southeast Asia, where its lightweight, straight-grained wood is traditionally harvested for industrial safety splints. ... compiled from the web.

~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~

written in: Bengali (বাংলা) ... spoken in: West Bengal, Assam, Jharkhand, Tripura, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

বড়পাতা ছাতিম bara-pata chhatim

• While some local naturalists colloquially refer to Alstonia macrophylla as "ছোট ছাতিম" (Chhota Chhatim) due to its smaller, milder flowers compared to the native state tree Alstonia scholaris (ছাতিম / Chhatim), its scientific name explicitly denotes its massive foliage. Borrowing the size-modifier framework established by Shrikant Ingalhalikar in Maharashtra, বড়পাতা ছাতিম (Bara-pata Chhatim / Large-leaved Chhatim) is coined as the most anatomically accurate Bengali name for this introduced species.

~~~~~ GUJARATI ~~~~~

written in: Gujarati (ગુજરાતી) ... spoken in: Gujarat, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu

મોટી સપ્તપર્ણી mothi saptaparni

• As an introduced ornamental, Alstonia macrophylla lacks a traditional folk identity in Gujarat. However, the definitive Gujarati Vishwakosh establishes સપ્તપર્ણી (Saptaparni) [↗] as the universal local identity for the native Alstonia scholaris. મોટી સપ્તપર્ણી mothi saptaparni is coined in Gujarati, to cleanly represent the 'Large Seven-Leaved' characteristics of A. macrophylla, based on the elegant naming convention of botanist Shrikant Ingalhalikar, who coined 'Mothi Satveen' in Marathi.

~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~

written in: Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ) ... spoken in: Karnataka

ಜಂತಾಲ ಮರ janthaala mara

• Sri Chamarajendra Park (Cubbon Park) ... (accessed: July 13, 2026)

~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~

written in: Malayalam (മലയാളം) ... spoken in: Kerala, Lakshadweep

ബാറ്റിനോ batino

• Sreekumar, V.B. and Kukreti S. B. (2024). A database for wood samples housed at the Xylarium of the Kerala Forest Research (KFRI Xylarium) ... (accessed: July 13, 2026)
• The state botanical bodies, like the "Kerala Forest Research Institute (KFRI)", have bypassed coining a new name for this species. They have very simply maintained the authentic international trade name, reverse-transcribing it as ബാറ്റിനോ (Batino). The name integrates beautifully into the phonetic landscape of the Malayalam language without feeling out of place.

~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (मराठी) ... spoken in: Maharashtra, Karnataka

मोठी सातवीण mothi satveen

• name coined, for want of name, by Shrikant Ingalhalikar, the author of Further Flowers of Sahyadri, the second among the three field guides to identify plants of northern Western Ghats of India, based on flowers

~~~~~ NICOBARESE ~~~~~

written in: Latin ... spoken in: Nicobar islands ... spoken by Nicobarese people ... Six distinct dialects and languages are spoken in the Nicobar Archipleago

tachoroi

• Chattopadhyay D, Arunachalam G, Ghosh L, Rajendran K, Mandal AB, Bhattacharya SK. Antipyretic activity of Alstonia macrophylla Wall ex A. DC: an ethnomedicine of Andaman Islands. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2005 Oct 6;8(3):558-64. PMID: 16401402. ... (accessed: July 13, 2026)

~~~~~ ONGE ~~~~~

written in: Latin ... spoken in: Little Andaman Island ... spoken by: Onge people ... other names for this language: Ongee, Eng, Ung, also rendered Önge

chuharoi

• Chattopadhyay D, Arunachalam G, Ghosh L, Rajendran K, Mandal AB, Bhattacharya SK. Antipyretic activity of Alstonia macrophylla Wall ex A. DC: an ethnomedicine of Andaman Islands. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2005 Oct 6;8(3):558-64. PMID: 16401402. ... (accessed: July 13, 2026)
• Khyade, Mahendra & Kasote, Deepak & Vaikos, Nityanand. (2014). Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. and Alstonia macrophylla Wall. ex G. Don: A Comparative Review on Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 153. 1-18. 10.1016/j.jep.2014.01.025. ... (accessed: July 13, 2026)

~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~

written in: Tamil (தமிழ்) ... spoken in: Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

வெள்ளை மரம் vellai maram

• Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants of Sri Lanka Compendium Version 3 - Project Undertaken by Barberyn Ayurveda Resorts, Sri Lanka ... (accessed: July 13, 2026)
• Sri Lankan Flora & Agricultural Heritage - Dilmah Conservation ... (accessed: July 13, 2026)

~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~

written in: Telugu ( తెలుగు) ... spoken in: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Puducherry

బాటినో batino

• Exhaustive searches across Telugu news portals and Indian plant databases reveal no recorded regional name for this introduced species. Coining a compound name by prefixing a descriptor to the established names of Alstonia scholaris (such as Daevasurippi or Edakula Ponna) would not yield a phonetically pleasant name. To preserve linguistic harmony, it is best to very simply reverse-transcribe the globally popular Tagalog name into Telugu script as బాటినో (Batino).

~~~~~ KNOWN DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~

Native to Andaman & Nicobar islands; introduced in the Indian mainland [↗] as an ornamental in urban parks.

NOTE: Select regional names have been intentionally coined on this page for languages that previously lacked vernacular names, to give this introduced species a localized identity.

~~~~~ Created on: 08:44 13-07-2026 ¦ Last updated: 17:25 13-07-2026 (DD-MM-YYYY) ~~~~~

Apocynaceae evergreen tree "Alstonia macrophylla" batino "devil tree" "hard alstonia" "matchstick tree"

Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br.

al-STON-ee-uh -- named for Dr C Alston, Scottish Professor of Botany at Edinburgh ... Dave's Botanary
skoh-LAH-riss -- of or belonging to a school; scholarly ... compiled from the web

commonly known as: blackboard tree, chatiyan wood, devil tree, dita bark, scholar tree • Adi: pumlor, sing-gar-asing, singar, singgler • Ahom: maai-tang, ছতিয়ানা satiana • Assamese: বহুপৰ্ণী bohuporni, ছৈতেন্ chhaiten, চতিয়না sotiyana, সপ্তচ্ছদ xoptossod, সপ্তপত্ৰ xoptopotro, সপ্তপৰ্ণী xoptoporni • Apatani: tayesangne • Bengali: ছাতিম chhatim • Bhojpuri: चटवन chatwan • Bodo: sataona, sitona • Dogri: सत्त पत्तरा satt pattra • Garo: bor-chhak-chhan, sokchuan, sokson • Gujarati: સપ્તપર્ણ saptaparna, સાતવીન satvin • Hajong: saitani • Haryanvi: सप्तपर्णी saptaparni • Hindi: बहुपुत्र bahuputra, चतवन chatawan, चितवन chitvan, दलेगन्धि dale-gandhi, देववृक्ष dev-vriksh, सप्तपर्णी saptaparni, शैतान का झाड़ shaitan ka jhar, शारदी sharadi, विन्याक vinyak • Jharua: satiana • Kachari: bon-khlang-phang, bong-khlong • Kachchhi: સપ્તપર્ણી sapt parni • Kannada: ಅಸಮಚ್ಛದ asamacchada, ಬಂತಲೆ bantale, ಏೞೆಲೆವಾೞೆ elelevaale, ಹಾಲೆ haale, ಜಂತಾಲೆ ಮರ jantaale mara, ಕೋಡಾಲೆ kodaale, ಮದ್ದಾಲೆ maddaale, ಪಾಲೆ paale, ಸಪ್ತಚ್ಛದ saptacchada, ಸಪ್ತಪರ್ಣಿ saptaparni • Karbi: thengmu-arong, thengnu, thengpei-recho-arong • Khasi: dieng-ryteng, dieng-rytten • Koch: ছতিয়াল পান satiyal pan • Kokborok: letuang • Kol: kunumung • Konkani: सांतवीण samtvin • Kuki: chong-pereng • Kumaoni: चटियान chatian, सप्तपर्ण saptaparna, शैतान shaitan • Lepcha: purvok koong • Maithili: चतवन chatwan • Malayalam: ദൈവപ്പാല daivappaala, ഏഴിലന്പാല ezhilanpaala, മംഗലപ്പാല mangalappaala, യക്ഷിപ്പാല yakshippaala • Malvani: सातिंग saating • Marathi: सप्तपर्ण saptaparna, सातवीण satvin • Mech: sethona • Mishing: satiyana, sing-gar-asing, singgir, souti-asing • Mizo: thuam-riat • Nepali: छतिवन chhatiwan, छलामैन chhalaamain, पालिमारा paalimaaraa • Nyishi: papuk siin, tabiang, tai sen, taisan, taye sangne • Odia: ବିଷମଚ୍ଛଦ bishamachchhada, ଛଚିନା chhachina, ଛତିଆନା chhatiana, ଗୁଚ୍ଛପୁଷ୍ପ guchchhapushpa, ମୁନିଚ୍ଛଦ munichchhada, ଶାଳ୍ମଳିପତ୍ରକ shalmalipatraka, ସପ୍ତଚ୍ଛଦ shaptachchadda, ଶାରଦ sharada • Pahari: चातीवन chatiwan, चटीडू chatidu, छत्याल chhatyal • Punjabi: ਸਤੌਨਾ satouna • Rajasthani: सप्तपर्णी saptparni • Sanskrit: अन्तिका antika, अयुगच्छद ayugacchada, अयुक्छद ayukchada, बहुच्छद bahucchada, बहुपर्ण bahuparna, बहुपुत्र bahuputra, बहुत्वच् bahutvach, ब्रह्मत्वच् brahmatvach, बृहत्त्वच् brhattvach, छत्त्रपर्ण chattraparna, दलेगन्धि dalegandhi, देववृक्ष devavrksha, गन्धपर्ण gandhaparna, ग्रहनाश grahanasha, गुच्छपुष्प gucchapushpa, गुत्सकपुष्प gutsakapushpa, मदगन्ध madagandha, मुनिच्छद municchada, सप्तच्छद saptacchada, सप्तपलाश saptapalasha, सप्तपर्ण saptaparna, सप्तपत्त्र saptapattra, शक्तिपर्ण shaktiparna, शाल्मलिपत्त्रक shalmalipattraka, शारद sharada, शारदभूरुह् sharadabhuruh, शिरोरुजा shiroruja, शुक्तिपर्ण shuktiparna, सुपर्णक suparnaka, विद्ध viddha, विनद vinada, विन्याक vinyaka, विशालत्वच् vishalatvach, विषमच्छद vishamacchada, विषमपलाश vishamapalasha, युग्मपर्ण yugmaparna • Santali: ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱱᱤ chatni • Sylheti: chhatni, khami, satni • Tagin: tai sen, tayesangne • Tamil: ஏழிலைப்பாலை el-ilai-p-paalai, இருள்பாலை irul-paalai • Telugu: దేవసూరిప్పి daevasurippi, ఏడాకుల పాల edaakula paala, ఏడాకుల పొన్న edaakula ponna, ఏడాకుల అరిటి edakula-ariti, ఎలారము elaaramu, కొండ గన్నేరు konda ganneru, పాల గరుడ paalagaruda • Tibetan: ལོ་མ་བདུན། lo ma bdun • Tulu: ಪಾಲೆ paale • Urdu: دلےگندھی dale-gandhi, دیوبرکش deo-briksh, شاردي sharadi, ونياك vinyak

known for / parts made use of: roots, wood, bark (most used), leaves, latex (milky sap)

botanical names: Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. ... homotypic synonyms: Echites scholaris L. ... and more at POWO, retrieved 8 July 2026

Bibliography / etymology / notes

Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will. The bits about the languages of India mentioned below are merely some bare facts gathered from the internet; just enough to satisfy curiosity about "where" could the listed names be best prevalent in India. All English transliterated names to be taken sensu amplo.

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~

written and spoken widely, in most parts of India

blackboard tree, devil tree, dita bark, scholar tree

• Flowers of India ... (accessed: July 8, 2026)
• Blackboard Tree: Widely taught in Indian forestry and botany. It directly references the use of its soft wood for writing boards (takhti) in regional school history. ... compiled from the web.
• Devil Tree: Immensely popular across India. It is a direct translation of regional vernacular labels like the Hindi Shaitan ka jhar or Marathi Satvin, inspired by tribal folklore and the toxic nature of its milky sap. ... compiled from the web.
• Dita bark: This term is primarily used in Indian pharmacology and Ayurvedic trade. It references the medicinal bark extract used to treat fevers. ... compiled from the web.
• Scholar Tree: Very frequently used in Indian educational institutes, landscaping, and English-medium botanical texts as a direct nod to its species name, scholaris. ... compiled from the web.

chatiyan wood

• Meena, Ajay & Nitika, Garg & Jaspreet, Nain & Meena, Ramavatar & Meda, Mruthyumjaya. (2011). Review on ethnobotany, phytochemical and pharmacological profile on Alstonia scholaris. Int Res J Pharm. 2. 49-54. ... (accessed: July 8, 2026)
• Chatiyan wood: This is an anglicised trade/timber name derived directly from Chhatiyan or Chatim, which are the prominent Hindi and Bengali vernacular names for the tree. It is used mostly in Indian commercial timber markets rather than daily conversation. ... compiled from the web.

~~~~~ ADI ~~~~~

written in: Latin ... spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh

pumlor, singar, singgler

• Ethnobotanyofnortheastindia (2020 onwards). Database of names of useful plants of north-east India - developed by the members of ethnobotanyofnortheastindia Google-site ... Accessed on 9 July 2026

sing-gar-asing

• U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, R N De - Flora of Assam - Vol III

~~~~~ AHOM ~~~~~

written in: Ahom, Latin, Assamese ... mainly used by priests and scholars for religious and educational purposes; spoken in: erstwhile Ahom kingdom (some part in present day Assam) ... other names for this language: Tai-Ahom

maai-tang, ছতিয়ানা satiana

• Ethnobotanyofnortheastindia (2020 onwards). Database of names of useful plants of north-east India - developed by the members of ethnobotanyofnortheastindia Google-site ... Accessed on 9 July 2026
• NOTE: "maai-tang" is a pure, classical Tai-Ahom lexical word. The prefix "maai" (sometimes written as mai) is the definitive Tai word for "wood" or "tree". Trying to force "maai-tang" into Assamese script characters would be an artificial back-translation that doesn't reflect real-world writing. It is much more authentic to leave it in the standardized Latin phonetic script used by modern Tai-Ahom revivalist scholars and ethnobotanists.
• NOTE: While recorded in the Tai-Ahom cultural dataset, "satiana" is actually a borrowed loanword from the surrounding Assamese language (Sotiyana / চতিয়না). Over centuries of assimilation, the modern Ahom community adopted many Assamese terms into their daily vocabulary. Because this specific name has a living, native script counterpart in the region, rendering it in the regional script is highly appropriate.

~~~~~ ASSAMESE ~~~~~

written in: Assamese (অসমীয়া) ... spoken in: Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya

বহুপৰ্ণী bohuporni, সপ্তচ্ছদ xoptossod, সপ্তপত্ৰ xoptopotro, সপ্তপৰ্ণী xoptoporni

• XOBDO - Your gateway to multilingual knowledge and resources ... (accessed: July 9, 2026)

ছৈতেন্ chhaiten

• U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, R N De - Flora of Assam - Vol III

চতিয়না sotiyana

• Candrakānta abhidhāna : Asamiyi sabdara butpatti aru udaharanere Asamiya-Ingraji dui bhashara artha thaka abhidhana. 2nd ed. Guwahati : Guwahati Bisbabidyalaya, 1962.
• or চতীয়না chatiyana ... XOBDO - Your gateway to multilingual knowledge and resources ... (accessed: July 9, 2026)

~~~~~ APATANI ~~~~~

written in: Roman ... spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh ... other names for this language: Apa Tani, Tanw

tayesangne

• Ethnobotanyofnortheastindia (2020 onwards). Database of names of useful plants of north-east India - developed by the members of ethnobotanyofnortheastindia Google-site ... Accessed on 9 July 2026

~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~

written in: Bengali (বাংলা) ... spoken in: West Bengal, Assam, Jharkhand, Tripura, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

ছাতিম chhatim

• PRAIN, DAVID - BENGAL PLANTS - VOL. II

~~~~~ BHOJPURI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (भोजपुरी) ... spoken in: eastern Uttar Pradesh, western Bihar and northwestern Jharkhand

चटवन chatwan

• Floristic Diversity of Nalanda - बिहार वानिकी विकास निगम लिमिटेड (Bihar Forestry Development Corporation Limited) ... (downloaded: December 31, 2023)
• Floristic Diversity of Rohtas - बिहार वानिकी विकास निगम लिमिटेड (Bihar Forestry Development Corporation Limited) ... (downloaded: December 31, 2023)
• Floristic Diversity of West Champaran - बिहार वानिकी विकास निगम लिमिटेड (Bihar Forestry Development Corporation Limited) ... (downloaded: December 31, 2023)

~~~~~ BODO ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari or Latin ... spoken in: Assam ... other names for this language: Boro

sataona, sitona

• Deka, Dipali (2007) - Ethno medico botanical study of certain tribes of Goalpara district, Assam :: Chapter 5 - Shodhganga :: a reservoir of Indian theses @ INFLIBNET

~~~~~ DOGRI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (डोगरी) ... spoken in: Jammu & Kashmir ... spoken by the Dogras

सत्त पत्तरा satt pattra

• Many thanks to OM Prakash Vidyarthi for help with this name ... facebook

~~~~~ GARO ~~~~~

written in: Roman, Bengali-Assamese, A-Chik Tok'birim ... spoken in: Meghalaya, Assam

bor-chhak-chhan, sokchuan, sokson

• U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, R N De - Flora of Assam - Vol III
• or soksen ... Kalita, Atlanta & Gogoi, Prachujya & Medhi, Deepjyoti & Gogoi, Ponkaj & Laskar, Rafiul. (2025). SURVEY ON ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANTS USED BY THE GARO TRIBES OF GOALPARA DISTRICT, ASSAM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO HUMAN AND LIVESTOCK. - Applied Biological Research 27(1): 46-57; (2025) DOI:10.48165/abr.2025.27.01.5 ... (accessed: July 9, 2026)

~~~~~ GUJARATI ~~~~~

written in: Gujarati (ગુજરાતી) ... spoken in: Gujarat, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu

સપ્તપર્ણ saptaparna, સાતવીન satvin

• વનસ્પતીઓ ના ગુજરાતી તથા બોટનીકલ નામ ની યાદી :: સંકલન કર્તા વૈધ શ્રી કે,જે,ઝાલા ... (downloaded: 19 Jan 2026)

~~~~~ HAJONG ~~~~~

written in: Bengali-Assamese (হাজং), Latin ... spoken in: Assam, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, and West Bengal

saitani

• Deka, Dipali (2007) - Ethno medico botanical study of certain tribes of Goalpara district, Assam :: Chapter 5 - Shodhganga :: a reservoir of Indian theses @ INFLIBNET

~~~~~ HARYANVI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (हरियाणवी or हरयाणवी) ... spoken in: Haryana, Delhi

सप्तपर्णी saptaparni

• Haryana Forest Flora - A Comprehensive Database of Ligneous Plants of Haryana (India) ... (accessed: Jul 10, 2026)

~~~~~ HINDI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (हिन्दी) ... spoken in: Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand

बहुपुत्र bahuputra, दलेगन्धि dale-gandhi, शारदी sharadi, विन्याक vinyak

• for Echites scholaris L. ... Platts, John T. (John Thompson). A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English. London: W. H. Allen & Co., 1884.

चतवन chatawan

• A forest flora of Chota Nagpur including Gangpur and the Santal-Parganahs by Haines, Henry Haselfoot, 1867-1943

चितवन chitvan, शैतान का झाड़ shaitan ka jhar

• Flowers of India ... (accessed: July 8, 2026)

देववृक्ष dev-vriksh

• Platts, John T. (John Thompson). A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English. London: W. H. Allen & Co., 1884.

सप्तपर्णी saptaparni

• for छतिवन का फूल ... Dasa, Syamasundara. Hindi sabdasagara. Navina samskarana. Kasi: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, 1965-1975.

~~~~~ JHARUA ~~~~~

written in: Bengali-Assamese, Latin ... spoken in: Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, West Bengal ... a dialect of Assamese, spoken by Kochs and Hajongs

satiana

• U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, R N De - Flora of Assam - Vol III

~~~~~ KACHARI ~~~~~

written in: Bengali-Assamese, Devanagari, Latin ... spoken in: Assam, Nagaland ... other names for this language: Cachari, Plains Kachari (Boro or Bara) and Hill Kachari (Dimasa)

bon-khlang-phang, bong-khlong

• U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, R N De - Flora of Assam - Vol III

~~~~~ KACHCHHI ~~~~~

written in: Gujarati (કચ્છી), Sindhi (ڪڇّي) ... spoken in: Kutch region of Gujarat

સપ્તપર્ણી sapt parni

• Patel, Yatin & Patel, Rohitkumar & Pankaj, Joshi & Dabgar, Yogesh. (2011). Study of the Angiospermic flora of Kachchh district, Gujarat, India. Life Sciences Leaflets. 19. 739-768. ... (downloaded: Feb 9, 2022)

~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~

written in: Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ) ... spoken in: Karnataka

ಅಸಮಚ್ಛದ asamacchada, ಬಂತಲೆ bantale, ಏೞೆಲೆವಾೞೆ elelevaale, ಹಾಲೆ haale, ಜಂತಾಲೆ ಮರ jantaale mara (or ಜಂತಾಲ jantaala), ಕೋಡಾಲೆ kodaale, ಮದ್ದಾಲೆ maddaale, ಪಾಲೆ paale, ಸಪ್ತಚ್ಛದ saptacchada, ಸಪ್ತಪರ್ಣಿ saptaparni

• ಪದಕಣಜ - ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ ಸರ್ಕಾರದ ಅಧಿಕೃತ ಜಾಲತಾಣ ... Padakanaja - Official website of Government of Karnataka
• Alar - an authoritative Kannada-English dictionary corpus created by V. Krishna

~~~~~ KARBI ~~~~~

written in: Roman ... spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland ... other names for this language: Mikir or Arleng

thengnu

• Ethnobotanyofnortheastindia (2020 onwards). Database of names of useful plants of north-east India - developed by the members of ethnobotanyofnortheastindia Google-site ... Accessed on 9 July 2026

thengmu-arong, thengpei-recho-arong

• U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, R N De - Flora of Assam - Vol III

~~~~~ KHASI ~~~~~

written in: Latin (Khasi alphabet), Bengali-Assamese ... spoken in: Meghalaya, Assam

dieng-ryteng, dieng-rytten

• U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, R N De - Flora of Assam - Vol III

~~~~~ KOCH ~~~~~

written in: Assamese, Bengali, Roman ... spoken in: Meghalaya, lower Assam, West Bengal, Bihar ... spoken by: Koch people, including Koch-Rajbongshi or Koch-Rajbonshi

ছতিয়াল পান satiyal pan

• Ethnobotanyofnortheastindia (2020 onwards). Database of names of useful plants of north-east India - developed by the members of ethnobotanyofnortheastindia Google-site ... Accessed on 9 July 2026

~~~~~ KOKBOROK ~~~~~

written in: Koloma, Latin, Bengali–Assamese (ককবরক), Kokmari ... spoken in: Tripura ... other names for this language: Tripuri, Kokbarak, Tippera, Tipra, Trippera

letuang

• U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, R N De - Flora of Assam - Vol III

~~~~~ KOL ~~~~~

written in: Warang Chiti (or Barang Kshiti, Varang Kshiti), Devanagari ... spoken in: Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, West Bengal ... spoken by: Kol people

kunumung

• A forest flora of Chota Nagpur including Gangpur and the Santal-Parganahs by Haines, Henry Haselfoot, 1867-1943

~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (कोंकणी) / Kannada (ಕೊಂಕಣಿ) / Malayalam (കൊങ്കണി) / Perso-Arabic (کونکنی) / Romi (Konknni) ... spoken in: Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala, Gujarat

सांतवीण samtvin

• Dalgado, Daniel Gelanio. Flora de Goa e Savantvadi: catalogo methodico das plantas medicinaes, alimentares e industriaes. Portugal, Imprensa Nacional, 1898. ... (downloaded: 21 Sept 2020)
• or सातवीण satvin ... V D Vartak (1966) - Enumeration of plants from Gomantak India with a note on botanical excursions to the Castlerock area :: Chapter 5 :: Shodhganga :: a reservoir of Indian theses @ INFLIBNET

~~~~~ KUKI ~~~~~

written in: Roman ... spoken in: Manipur, Assam, Nagaland ... other names for this language:Thado, Thado-Pao, Thado-Ubiphei, Thaadou Kuki

chong-pereng

• U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, R N De - Flora of Assam - Vol III

~~~~~ KUMAONI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari ... spoken in: Uttarakhand

चटियान chatian, सप्तपर्ण saptaparna, शैतान shaitan

• Mathur, A., & Joshi, H. (2013). Ethnobotanical Studies of the Tarai Region of Kumaun, Uttarakhand, India. Ethnobotany Research and Applications, 11, 174–203. ... (accessed: July 11, 2026)

~~~~~ LEPCHA ~~~~~

written in: Lepcha (or Róng), Tibetan ... spoken in: Sikkim, West Bengal

purvok koong

• Aathing K P Tamsang - The Lepcha-English Encyclopaedic Dictionary - Second Edition (2009)

~~~~~ MAITHILI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (मैथिली) ... spoken in: Bihar, Jharkhand

चतवन chatwan

• Floristic Diversity of Banka - बिहार वानिकी विकास निगम लिमिटेड (Bihar Forestry Development Corporation Limited) ... (downloaded: December 31, 2023)
• Floristic Diversity of Jamui - बिहार वानिकी विकास निगम लिमिटेड (Bihar Forestry Development Corporation Limited) ... (downloaded: December 31, 2023)
• Floristic Diversity of Munger - बिहार वानिकी विकास निगम लिमिटेड (Bihar Forestry Development Corporation Limited) ... (downloaded: December 31, 2023)

~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~

written in: Malayalam (മലയാളം) ... spoken in: Kerala, Lakshadweep

ദൈവപ്പാല daivappaala

• Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala and Karnataka :: Chapter 4 :: Shodhganga - a reservoir of Indian theses @ INFLIBNET
• Five Hundred Indian Plants by Messrs. C. Stolz and G. Plebst, Basel Mission, Mangalore ... (downloaded: Nov 24, 2024)

ഏഴിലന്പാല ezhilanpaala, മംഗലപ്പാല mangalappaala

• Gundert, Hermann. A Malayalam and English dictionary. Mangalore, London, C. Stolz; Trübner & Co., 1872.
• or ഏഴിലം‌പാല ezhilampala ... വിക്കിപീഡിയ - സ്വതന്ത്രസർവ്വവിജ്ഞാനകോശം ... Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia ... (accessed: July 9, 2026)

യക്ഷിപ്പാല yakshippaala

• Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala and Karnataka :: Chapter 4 :: Shodhganga - a reservoir of Indian theses @ INFLIBNET

~~~~~ MALVANI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (मालवणी) ... spoken in: Maharashtra (only in the Sindhudurg district), north Goa (especially Pernem taluka) ... a dialect of Konkani with significant Marathi influences and loanwords

सातिंग saating

• Many thanks to Nitin Kawthankar for help with this name ... facebook

~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (मराठी) ... spoken in: Maharashtra, Karnataka

सप्तपर्ण saptaparna, सातवीण satvin (or सातवण satvan)

• Molesworth, J. T. (James Thomas). A dictionary, Marathi and English. 2d ed., rev. and enl. Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's press, 1857.

~~~~~ MECH ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari, Roman ... spoken by: Mech people (Bodos of north West Bengal)

sethona

• U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, R N De - Flora of Assam - Vol III

~~~~~ MISHING ~~~~~

written in: Assamese, Devanagari, Latin ... spoken in: Assam, Arunachal Pradesh ... other names for this language: Mising, Plains Miri

satiyana

• Ethnobotanyofnortheastindia (2020 onwards). Database of names of useful plants of north-east India - developed by the members of ethnobotanyofnortheastindia Google-site ... Accessed on 9 July 2026

sing-gar-asing, souti-asing

• U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, R N De - Flora of Assam - Vol III

singgir

• XOBDO - Your gateway to multilingual knowledge and resources ... (accessed: July 9, 2026)

~~~~~ MIZO ~~~~~

written in: Latin, Bengali-Assamese ... spoken in: Mizoram ... other names for this language: Lushai, Duhlian

thuam-riat

• O. P. Singh et. al. - State of Environment Report of Mizoram 2016 - Department of Environment, Forests & Climate Change, Government of Mizoram
• List of Ethno-medicinal plants in Mizoram state with uses - State Medicinal Plants Board - Mizoram
• J Lalremruata (2012) - Studies on Non Timber Forest Products NTFPs of plant origin and livelihood strategies in Northern Mizoram India :: Chapter 5 :: Shodhganga - a reservoir of Indian theses @ INFLIBNET
• Lorrain, J. Herbert (James Herbert) Dictionary of the Lushai language. Calcutta : Asiatic Society, 1940. (Bibliotheca Indica, 261)

~~~~~ NEPALI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (नेपाली) ... spoken in: Nepal, West Bengal, Assam, Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu & Kashmir

छतिवन chhatiwan, छलामैन chhalaamain, पालिमारा paalimaaraa

• Many thanks to Saroj Kumar Kasaju for help with these names ... eFloraofIndia

~~~~~ NYISHI ~~~~~

written in: Latin ... spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam ... spoken by the Daffla (or Dafla) tribe, now known as Nyishi tribe ... other names for this language: Nishi, Nisi, Nishang, Nissi, Nyising, Leil, Aya, Akang, Bangni-Bangru, Solung

papuk siin, tabiang, tai sen, taisan, taye sangne

• Ethnobotanyofnortheastindia (2020 onwards). Database of names of useful plants of north-east India - developed by the members of ethnobotanyofnortheastindia Google-site ... Accessed on 9 July 2026

~~~~~ ODIA ~~~~~

written in: Odia (ଓଡ଼ିଆ) ... spoken in: Odisha, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

ବିଷମଚ୍ଛଦ bishamachchhada, ଛଚିନା chhachina, ଛତିଆନା chhatiana, ଗୁଚ୍ଛପୁଷ୍ପ guchchhapushpa, ମୁନିଚ୍ଛଦ munichchhada, ଶାଳ୍ମଳିପତ୍ରକ shalmalipatraka, ସପ୍ତଚ୍ଛଦ shaptachchadda, ଶାରଦ sharada (or ଶାରଦୀ sharadi)

• Praharaj, G.C. Pūrṇṇachandra Orḍiā bhāshākosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language. Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940.

~~~~~ PAHARI (or PAHADI) ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (पहाड़ी), Perso-Arabic (پہاڑی) ... variety of languages, dialects and language groups, spoken in Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand

चातीवन chatiwan (or चतीवन chatiwan), चटीडू chatidu (or चतिडू chatidu), छत्याल chhatyal

• Report on inventory of trees outside forest rural (TOF-R) in Himachal Pradesh - Forest Survey of India ... (accessed: July 11, 2026)

~~~~~ PUNJABI ~~~~~

written in: Gurmukhi (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ) ... spoken in: Punjab

ਸਤੌਨਾ satouna (or ਸਤੌਣਾ satauna)

• Herbal Medicine Plants - Saptaparna - SSMD Ayurvedic College & Hospital, Moga (Punjab) ... (accessed: July 11, 2026)
• NOTE: ਸਤੌਨਾ (Satouna) is the modern standardized Punjabi / Ayurvedic text spelling. ਸਤੌਣਾ (Satauna) is the classical spoken Punjabi phonetic spelling (aligning with Bhai Maya Singh's dictionary root).

~~~~~ RAJASTHANI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (राजस्थानी) ... spoken in: Rajasthan

सप्तपर्णी saptparni

• R. P. Kanther - DOMINANT FLORA OF PALI-DISTRICT, RAJASTHAN, INDIA J. Indian Bot. Soc., Vol. 100 (1&2) 2020:01-15 ... (downloaded: Jun 15,2024)
• Manju Chaudhary and S.K. Shringi - Floristic Composition of Beer Jhunjhunu Conservation Reserve of Rajasthan, India - The Biobrio 4(1 & 2), 2017 ... (downloaded: Feb 9, 2022)

~~~~~ SANSKRIT ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (संस्कृतम्) ... used all over India by priests and scholars

अन्तिका antika, अयुगच्छद ayugacchada, अयुक्छद ayukchada, बहुच्छद bahucchada, बहुपर्ण bahuparna, बहुपुत्र bahuputra, बहुत्वच् bahutvach, ब्रह्मत्वच् brahmatvach, बृहत्त्वच् brhattvach, छत्त्रपर्ण chattraparna, दलेगन्धि dalegandhi, देववृक्ष devavrksha, गन्धपर्ण gandhaparna, ग्रहनाश grahanasha, गुच्छपुष्प gucchapushpa, गुत्सकपुष्प gutsakapushpa, मदगन्ध madagandha, मुनिच्छद municchada, सप्तच्छद saptacchada, सप्तपलाश saptapalasha, सप्तपर्ण saptaparna (or सप्तपर्णक saptaparnaka), सप्तपत्त्र saptapattra, शक्तिपर्ण shaktiparna, शाल्मलिपत्त्रक shalmalipattraka, शारद sharada, शारदभूरुह् sharadabhuruh, शिरोरुजा shiroruja, शुक्तिपर्ण shuktiparna, सुपर्णक suparnaka, विद्ध viddha, विनद vinada, विन्याक vinyaka, विशालत्वच् vishalatvach, विषमच्छद vishamacchada, विषमपलाश vishamapalasha, युग्मपर्ण yugmaparna

• Learn Sanskrit - पठत संस्कृतम् - शब्दकोशः

~~~~~ SANTALI ~~~~~

written in: Ol Chiki (ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ), Bengali (সাঁওতালী), Odia (ସାନ୍ତାଳୀ), Devanagari (सान्ताली), Roman ... spoken in: Jharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha

ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱱᱤ chatni

• Campbell, A., of the Santal mission A Santali-English dictionary Pokhuria, India : Santal Mission Press, 1899
• ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ - ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ... Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia
• A forest flora of Chota Nagpur including Gangpur and the Santal-Parganahs by Haines, Henry Haselfoot, 1867-1943

~~~~~ SYLHETI ~~~~~

written in: Sylheti Nagri (ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ), Bengali–Assamese (সিলেটি), Latin ... spoken in: Barak Valley of Assam, northern parts of Tripura, Meghalaya, Manipur, Nagaland ... read more about its status as language / dialect in Wikipedia ... other names for this language: Sylhetti, Sileti, Siloti

chhatni, khami, satni

• U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, R N De - Flora of Assam - Vol III

~~~~~ TAGIN ~~~~~

written in: Roman ... spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh ... other names for this language: West Dafla, Bangni ... spoken by: Tagin people or Ghasi Miri people

tai sen, tayesangne

• Ethnobotanyofnortheastindia (2020 onwards). Database of names of useful plants of north-east India - developed by the members of ethnobotanyofnortheastindia Google-site ... Accessed on 9 July 2026

~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~

written in: Tamil (தமிழ்) ... spoken in: Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

ஏழிலைப்பாலை el-ilai-p-paalai, இருள்பாலை irul-paalai

• University of Madras. Tamil lexicon. [Madras], University of Madras, 1924-1936.
• or ஏழிலைம்பாலை elilai-m-paalai ... Winslow, Miron. A comprehensive Tamil and English dictionary of high and low Tamil. Madras: P.R. Hunt, 1862.

~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~

written in: Telugu ( తెలుగు) ... spoken in: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Puducherry

దేవసూరిప్పి daevasurippi, ఏడాకుల పాల edaakula paala, ఏడాకుల పొన్న edaakula ponna, ఏడాకుల అరిటి edakula-ariti, ఎలారము elaaramu, కొండ గన్నేరు konda ganneru, పాల గరుడ paalagaruda

• Flora Andhrika - Plant Wealth of Andhra Pradesh, India ... (accessed: July 9, 2026)
• FRLHT & NMPB — Indian Medicinal Plants Database ... (accessed: July 9, 2026)

~~~~~ TIBETAN ~~~~~

written in: Tibetan ... spoken in: Tibet, Jammu, Kashmir & Ladakh, Karnataka, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bhutan

ལོ་མ་བདུན། lo ma bdun

• FRLHT & NMPB — Indian Medicinal Plants Database ... (accessed: July 9, 2026)

~~~~~ TULU ~~~~~

written in: Tigalari (Tulu) was used for writing Vedic texts in Sanskrit, Kannada (ತುಳು), Malayalam (തുളു) ... spoken in: Karnataka, north Kerala

ಪಾಲೆ paale

• Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala and Karnataka :: Chapter 4 :: Shodhganga - a reservoir of Indian theses @ INFLIBNET
• Five Hundred Indian Plants by Messrs. C. Stolz and G. Plebst, Basel Mission, Mangalore ... (downloaded: Nov 24, 2024)

~~~~~ URDU ~~~~~

written in: Urdu (اردو) ... spoken in: Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Bihar, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka

دلےگندھی dale-gandhi, شاردي sharadi, ونياك vinyak

• for Echites scholaris L. ... Platts, John T. (John Thompson). A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English. London: W. H. Allen & Co., 1884.

دیوبرکش deo-briksh

• Platts, John T. (John Thompson). A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English. London: W. H. Allen & Co., 1884.

~~~~~ KNOWN DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~

Grows naturally wild in sub-Himalayan tract, Bihar, West Bengal, peninsular India and the Andamans. Widely cultivated as an ornamental tree as well as an avenue tree in the urban regions.

• Tomar A. "Geographical distribution of Alstonia scholaris R. Br. with its medicinal importance". International Journal of Botany Studies, Vol 1, Issue 3, 2016, Pages 01-02 ... (accessed: July 9, 2026)

~~~~~ Created on: 12:18 08-07-2026 ¦ Last updated: 19:51 11-07-2026 (DD-MM-YYYY) ~~~~~

Apocynaceae evergreen tree "Alstonia scholaris" "Echites scholaris" "bitter bark" "blackboard tree" "devil tree" "dita bark" milkwood "white cheesewood"

Aganosma heynei (Spreng.) I.M.Turner

ah-gan-OZ-muh -- Greek: aganos (gentle, pleasing); osme (scent, odour) -- refers to the fragrant flowers typical of this genus ... compiled from the web
HAYN-ee-eye -- named for Dr Benjamin Heyne, German botanist and traveller ... eFloraofIndia

commonly known as: clove-scented echites • Ahom: মালতী maloti • Bengali: গন্ধমালতী gandho-malati, মালতী malati • Gujarati: માલતી malati • Hindi: मालती malati • Kannada: ಮಾಲತಿ ಲತಾ malati lata • Malayalam: കാവെട്ടാവള്ളി kavettavalli • Marathi: मालती malati • Odia: ବଣ ମାଳତୀ bana malati, ବିଶଲ୍ୟକରଣୀ bishalyakaranni, ଗନ୍ଧମାଳତୀ gandhamalati, ମାଳତୀ malati • Sanskrit: मालती malati, विष्णुवल्लभा vishnuvallabha • Santali: ᱨᱟᱛᱮᱱ raten • Tamil: மாலதி malati • Telugu: గూడపాల తీగ gudapala thige, పాలమల్లె palamalle, విశల్యకరణి visalyakarani • Urdu: مالتي malati

known for / parts made use of: roots and bark, leaves and shoot tips, flowers and flower buds

botanical names: Aganosma heynei (Spreng.) I.M.Turner ... homotypic synonyms: Aganosma dichotoma (Roth) K.Schum. • Echites dichotomus Roth ... heterotypic synonyms: Aganosma caryophyllata G.Don • Echites caryophyllatus Blume ... and more at POWO, retrieved 6 July 2026

Bibliography / etymology / notes

Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will. The bits about the languages of India mentioned below are merely some bare facts gathered from the internet; just enough to satisfy curiosity about "where" could the listed names be best prevalent in India. All English transliterated names to be taken sensu amplo.

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~

written and spoken widely, in most parts of India

clove-scented echites

• for want of name, name coined by Flowers of India ... (accessed: July 5, 2026)

~~~~~ AHOM ~~~~~

written in: Ahom, Assamese ... mainly used by priests and scholars for religious and educational purposes; spoken in: erstwhile Ahom kingdom (some part in present day Assam) ... other names for this language: Tai-Ahom

মালতী maloti

• Ethnobotanyofnortheastindia (2020 onwards). Database of names of useful plants of north-east India - developed by the members of ethnobotanyofnortheastindia Google-site ... Accessed on 6 July 2026

~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~

written in: Bengali (বাংলা) ... spoken in: West Bengal, Assam, Jharkhand, Tripura, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

গন্ধমালতী gandho-malati, মালতী malati

• for Aganosma caryophyllata G.Don ... PRAIN, DAVID - BENGAL PLANTS - VOL. II

~~~~~ GUJARATI ~~~~~

written in: Gujarati (ગુજરાતી) ... spoken in: Gujarat, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu

માલતી malati

• for Aganosma caryophyllata G.Don ... વનસ્પતીઓ ના ગુજરાતી તથા બોટનીકલ નામ ની યાદી :: સંકલન કર્તા વૈધ શ્રી કે,જે,ઝાલા ... (downloaded: 19 Jan 2026)

~~~~~ HINDI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (हिन्दी) ... spoken in: Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand

मालती malati

• for Aganosma dichotoma (Roth) K.Schum. ... FRLHT & NMPB — Indian Medicinal Plants Database ... (accessed: July 5, 2026)
• for Echites caryophyllatus Blume ... Shakespear, John. A dictionary, Hindustani and English. 3rd ed., much enl. London: Printed for the author by J.L. Cox and Son

~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~

written in: Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ) ... spoken in: Karnataka

ಮಾಲತಿ ಲತಾ malati lata

• for Aganosma dichotoma (Roth) K.Schum. ... Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019. FLORA OF KARNATAKA, A Checklist, Volume – 2: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 1 - 1002 (Published by Karnataka Biodiversity Board) ... (downloaded: Oct 4, 2020)
• for Aganosma dichotoma (Roth) K.Schum. ... FRLHT & NMPB — Indian Medicinal Plants Database ... (accessed: July 5, 2026)
• or ಮಾಲತಿ ಬಳ್ಳಿ malati balli ... for Aganosma dichotoma (Roth) K.Schum. ... ಪದಕಣಜ - ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ ಸರ್ಕಾರದ ಅಧಿಕೃತ ಜಾಲತಾಣ ... Padakanaja - Official website of Government of Karnataka

~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~

written in: Malayalam (മലയാളം) ... spoken in: Kerala, Lakshadweep

കാവെട്ടാവള്ളി kavettavalli

• for Aganosma dichotoma (Roth) K.Schum. ... FRLHT & NMPB — Indian Medicinal Plants Database ... (accessed: July 6, 2026)

~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (मराठी) ... spoken in: Maharashtra, Karnataka

मालती malati

• for Aganosma caryophyllata G.Don ... The Gazetteer Department - Maharashtra State ... महाराष्ट्रातील वनस्पतीशास्त्र आणि वनसंपदा ... (downloaded: Sep 5, 2020)
• for Aganosma caryophyllata G.Don ... डॉ मल्हार विनायक आपटे — वनश्रीसृष्टी खंड १ — महाराष्ट्र राज्य साहित्य आणि संस्कृती मंडळ ... (downloaded: Sep 16, 2016)

~~~~~ ODIA ~~~~~

written in: Odia (ଓଡ଼ିଆ) ... spoken in: Odisha, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

ବଣ ମାଳତୀ bana malati

• for Aganosma dichotoma (Roth) K.Schum. ... Kumar, Sanjeet & IFS, Sudeep. (2024). Medicinal Plants used by the tribals of Odisha. ... (downloaded: Dec 14, 2025)
• Kumar, Sanjeet & Mishra, Sweta & Mishra, Arun & Kumar N, Sanath. (2023). Floral Diversity of Koira and Barsuan Ranges, Bonai Forest Division, Odisha ... (downloaded: Aug 26, 2024)

ବିଶଲ୍ୟକରଣୀ bishalyakaranni

• for Echites dichotomus Roth ... Praharaj, G.C. Pūrṇṇachandra Orḍiā bhāshākosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language. Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940.

ଗନ୍ଧମାଳତୀ gandhamalati

• for Echites caryophyllatus Blume ... Praharaj, G.C. Pūrṇṇachandra Orḍiā bhāshākosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language. Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940.

ମାଳତୀ malati

• for Aganosma caryophyllata G.Don ... Das, Prabhat & Das, Mohini & Sahu, Chinmayee & Rath, Sakti & Kumar, Sanjeet. (2020). Diversity of Climbers of Odisha ... (downloaded: Dec 22, 2021)
• for Aganosma caryophyllata G.Don ... Chauhan, Monali & Dimri, Rakhee & Kumar, Sanjeet & Pradhan, Ilarani. (2021). Common medicinal plants of Dhenkanal (Odisha), India. ... (downloaded: Sep 13, 2024)

~~~~~ SANSKRIT ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (संस्कृतम्) ... used all over India by priests and scholars

मालती malati, विष्णुवल्लभा vishnuvallabha

• for Echites caryophyllatus Blume ... Learn Sanskrit - पठत संस्कृतम् - शब्दकोशः
• for Echites caryophyllatus Blume ... ॥ विकिशब्दकोशः॥ स्वतन्त्रः संस्कृतशब्दकोशः

~~~~~ SANTALI ~~~~~

written in: Ol Chiki (ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ), Bengali (সাঁওতালী), Odia (ସାନ୍ତାଳୀ), Devanagari (सान्ताली), Roman ... spoken in: Jharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha

ᱨᱟᱛᱮᱱ raten

• for Aganosma caryophyllata G.Don ... A forest flora of Chota Nagpur including Gangpur and the Santal-Parganahs by Haines, Henry Haselfoot, 1867-1943

~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~

written in: Tamil (தமிழ்) ... spoken in: Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

மாலதி malati

• The name மாலதி malati is widely accepted and understood by people within Tamil Nadu; the species is widely known as Malati across many Indian languages. ... compiled from the web.
• In the ancient, foundational texts of India, the name Malati (மாலதி) originally and indisputably belonged to a highly fragrant wild jasmine — most likely Jasminum grandiflorum or Jasminum officinale. This species with its clusters of bright white flowers with five distinct, pinwheel-like petals releases a rich, sweet scent just as a wild jasmine. Botanists and horticulturists began calling it Malati purely because it visually mimics Malati. ... compiled from the web.

~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~

written in: Telugu ( తెలుగు) ... spoken in: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Puducherry

గూడపాల తీగ gudapala thige, పాలమల్లె palamalle

• for Aganosma dichotoma (Roth) K.Schum. ... Flora Andhrika - Plant Wealth of Andhra Pradesh, India ... (accessed: July 6, 2026)

విశల్యకరణి visalyakarani

• for Echites dichotomus Roth ... Brown, Charles Philip. A Telugu-English dictionary. 2nd ed. Madras: Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1903.

~~~~~ URDU ~~~~~

written in: Urdu (اردو) ... spoken in: Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Bihar, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka

مالتي malati

• for Echites caryophyllatus Blume ... Shakespear, John. A dictionary, Hindustani and English. 3rd ed., much enl. London: Printed for the author by J.L. Cox and Son

~~~~~ KNOWN DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~

*Andhra Pradesh, *Assam, Bihar, *Gujarat, *Karnataka, *Kerala, Jharkhand, *Maharashtra, Odisha, *Uttar Pradesh, *Tamil Nadu

• Hassler, Michael (1994 - 2026): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version 26.05; last update May 20th, 2026. Last accessed 05/07/2026 (dd/mm/yyyy).
• ASSAM :: Ethnobotanyofnortheastindia (2020 onwards). Database of names of useful plants of north-east India - developed by the members of ethnobotanyofnortheastindia Google-site ... Accessed on 6 July 2026
• GUJARAT :: for Aganosma caryophyllata G.Don ... વનસ્પતીઓ ના ગુજરાતી તથા બોટનીકલ નામ ની યાદી :: સંકલન કર્તા વૈધ શ્રી કે,જે,ઝાલા ... (downloaded: 19 Jan 2026)
• JHARKHAND :: for Aganosma caryophyllata G.Don ... A forest flora of Chota Nagpur including Gangpur and the Santal-Parganahs by Haines, Henry Haselfoot, 1867-1943
• ODISHA :: for Aganosma caryophyllata G.Don ... Das, Prabhat & Das, Mohini & Sahu, Chinmayee & Rath, Sakti & Kumar, Sanjeet. (2020). Diversity of Climbers of Odisha ... (downloaded: Dec 22, 2021)

* cultivated as an ornamental vine

~~~~~ Created on: 18:47 05-07-2026 ¦ Last updated: 08:20 07-07-2026 (DD-MM-YYYY) ~~~~~

Apocynaceae "climbing shrub" "Aganosma heynei" "Aganosma caryophyllata" "Aganosma dichotoma" "Echites caryophyllatus" "Echites dichotomus" "clove-scented echites"

Aganosma cymosa (Roxb.) G.Don

ah-gan-OZ-muh -- Greek: aganos (gentle, pleasing); osme (scent, odour) -- refers to the fragrant flowers typical of this genus ... compiled from the web
sy-MOH-sa -- furnished with cymes (flower clusters which open from the center first, then in succession outward toward the periphery) ... Dave's Botanary

commonly known as: forest aganosma • Kannada: ಚಿತ್ರಲೀನ ಬಳ್ಳಿ chithraleena balli • Konkani: चंदनवेल chandanwel • Malayalam: ആനക്കയ്യൂരം aanakkayyooram, ചെറിയപൂപ്പാൽവള്ളി cheriyapooppalvalli • Marathi: चंदनवेल chandanwel • Odia: ମାଳତୀ malati • Tamil: கூறுவெளிச்சாங் கொடி kooruvelichaankodi, மணிலாங்கொடி manilaankodi, செல்லாக்கொடி sellaakkodi • Telugu: మాలతి maalathi

known for / parts made use of: whole plant, roots, leaves and shoot tips, flowers

botanical names: Aganosma cymosa (Roxb.) G.Don ... and more at POWO, retrieved 4 July 2026

Bibliography / etymology / notes

Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will. The bits about the languages of India mentioned below are merely some bare facts gathered from the internet; just enough to satisfy curiosity about "where" could the listed names be best prevalent in India. All English transliterated names to be taken sensu amplo.

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~

written and spoken widely, in most parts of India

forest aganosma

• for want of name, name coined by Flowers of India ... (accessed: July 4, 2026)

~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~

written in: Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ) ... spoken in: Karnataka

ಚಿತ್ರಲೀನ ಬಳ್ಳಿ chithraleena balli

• Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019. FLORA OF KARNATAKA, A Checklist, Volume – 2: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 1 - 1002 (Published by Karnataka Biodiversity Board) ... (downloaded: Oct 4, 2020)
• ಪದಕಣಜ - ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ ಸರ್ಕಾರದ ಅಧಿಕೃತ ಜಾಲತಾಣ ... Padakanaja - Official website of Government of Karnataka
• Alar - an authoritative Kannada-English dictionary corpus created by V. Krishna

~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (कोंकणी) / Kannada (ಕೊಂಕಣಿ) / Malayalam (കൊങ്കണി) / Perso-Arabic (کونکنی) / Romi (Konknni) ... spoken in: Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala, Gujarat

चंदनवेल chandanwel

• Marathi coined-name borrowed, for want of name

~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~

written in: Malayalam (മലയാളം) ... spoken in: Kerala, Lakshadweep

ആനക്കയ്യൂരം aanakkayyooram, ചെറിയപൂപ്പാൽവള്ളി cheriyapooppalvalli

• വിക്കിപീഡിയ - സ്വതന്ത്രസർവ്വവിജ്ഞാനകോശം ... Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia ... (accessed: July 5, 2026)
• FRLHT & NMPB — Indian Medicinal Plants Database ... (accessed: July 5, 2026)

~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (मराठी) ... spoken in: Maharashtra, Karnataka

चंदनवेल chandanwel

• name coined, for want of name, by Shrikant Ingalhalikar, the author of Further Flowers of Sahyadri, the second among the three field guides to identify plants of northern Western Ghats of India, based on flowers

~~~~~ ODIA ~~~~~

written in: Odia (ଓଡ଼ିଆ) ... spoken in: Odisha, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

ମାଳତୀ malati

• Das, Prabhat & Das, Mohini & Sahu, Chinmayee & Rath, Sakti & Kumar, Sanjeet. (2020). Diversity of Climbers of Odisha ... (downloaded: Dec 22, 2021)

~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~

written in: Tamil (தமிழ்) ... spoken in: Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

கூறுவெளிச்சாங் கொடி kooruvelichaankodi, மணிலாங்கொடி manilaankodi, செல்லாக்கொடி sellaakkodi

• Yercaud Ilango - Tamil names of Botanical names ... (downloaded: Jun 23, 2022)

~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~

written in: Telugu ( తెలుగు) ... spoken in: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Puducherry

మాలతి maalathi

• Flora Andhrika - Plant Wealth of Andhra Pradesh, India ... (accessed: July 5, 2026)

~~~~~ KNOWN DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~

Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu

• Hassler, Michael (1994 - 2026): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version 26.05; last update May 20th, 2026. Last accessed 04/07/2026 (dd/mm/yyyy).
• GOA :: Datar, Mandar & Lakshminarasimhan, P.. (2013). Check List of Wild Angiosperms of Bhagwan Mahavir (Molem) National Park, Goa, India. Check List. 9. 186-207. 10.15560/9.2.186. ... (downloaded: Oct 17, 2022)
• ODISHA :: Das, Prabhat & Das, Mohini & Sahu, Chinmayee & Rath, Sakti & Kumar, Sanjeet. (2020). Diversity of Climbers of Odisha ... (downloaded: Dec 22, 2021)

NOTE: Select regional names have been intentionally coined on this page for languages that previously lacked vernacular terms, to give this lesser-known species a localized identity.

~~~~~ Created on: 18:59 04-07-2026 ¦ Last updated: 11:44 07-07-2026 (DD-MM-YYYY) ~~~~~

Apocynaceae perennial liana "Aganosma cymosa" "Echites cymosa" "forest aganosma"