Thursday, 14 May 2026

Xantolis tomentosa (Roxb.) Raf.

Xantolis tomentosa (Roxb.) Raf.

zan-TOH-liss -- Greek: xanthos (yellow); holos (whole or entire); lissos (smooth) ... compiled from web
toh-men-TOH-suh -- covered with fine, matted hairs ... Dave's Botanary
commonly known as: hairy xantolis, Indian bully tree, woolly ironwood • Bengali: কাঁটা বহুল kanta bohul • Bhojpuri: पन्यार panyar • Hindi: काँटा बहुल kanta bohul • Kannada: ಹುಡುಗೊಲ್ಲಿ hudugolli, ಕಬ್ಬಿಣದ ಮರ kabbinada mara, ಕಾಲ್ಮಧು kaalmadhu, ಕಂಪಾಲೆ kampale, ಕುಂಪೋಲಿ kumpoli • Konkani: कांटे कुंबळो kante kumblo • Malayalam: കരിങ്കാര karimkara • Marathi: कुंबळ kumbal • Nagpuri: काँटा बुहेल kanta buhel • Odia: କଣ୍ଟାବଉଳ kantabaula • Tamil: முள்மகிழ் mul-makil, பாலை palai • Telugu: బెజ్జురెం bejjuren
botanical names: Xantolis tomentosa (Roxb.) Raf. ... homotypic synonyms: Achras tomentosa (Roxb.) Bedd. • Planchonella tomentosa (Roxb.) Pierre • Pouteria tomentosa (Roxb.) Baehni • Sapota tomentosa (Roxb.) A.DC. • Sideroxylon tomentosum Roxb. ... heterotypic synonyms: Planchonella dongnaiensis Pierre ex Dubard • Sapota elengoides A.DC. ... and more at POWO, retrieved 13 May 2026
Bibliography / etymology
Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will. The bits about the languages of India mentioned below are merely some bare facts gathered from the internet; just enough to satisfy curiosity about "where" could the listed names be best prevalent in India. All English transliterated names to be taken sensu amplo.
~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~
written and spoken widely, in most parts of India
hairy xantolis
Indian bully tree
  • Wiktionary - the free dictionary ... (accessed: May 13, 2026) ... bully tree is a common name for several neotropical trees in the family Sapotaceae
woolly ironwood
  • for Sideroxylon tomentosum Roxb. ... Tamil lexicon [Madras], University of Madras
~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~
written in: Bengali (বাংলা) ... spoken in: West Bengal, Assam, Jharkhand, Tripura, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
কাঁটা বহুল kanta bohul (or কাঁটা বুহেল kanta buhel)
  • This name highlights its geographic transition — since the species transitions into West Bengal through the shared lateritic, semi-deciduous forest belts of the Chota Nagpur Plateau, the Bengali vernacular directly mirrors the regional Odia name କଣ୍ଟାବଉଳ kantabaula ... compiled from web
~~~~~ BHOJPURI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (भोजपुरी) ... spoken in: eastern Uttar Pradesh, western Bihar and northwestern Jharkhand
पन्यार panyar
  • Floristic Diversity of West Champaran - बिहार वानिकी विकास निगम लिमिटेड (Bihar Forestry Development Corporation Limited) ... (downloaded: December 31, 2023)
~~~~~ HINDI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (हिन्दी) ... spoken in: Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand
काँटा बहुल kanta bohul
  • Because the species predominantly is distributed in the peninsular India and the Western Ghats, it does not have a deeply rooted historical name in the standard Khadi Boli (Delhi/Western UP) variant of Hindi. Instead, national platforms like the definitive taxonomic portal Flowers of India (retrieved May 13, 2026) has adopted the regional Hindi-belt names used across its northernmost distribution limits.
~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~
written in: Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ) ... spoken in: Karnataka
ಹುಡುಗೊಲ್ಲಿ hudugolli (or ಹುದಿಗೊಳ್ಳು hudigollu), ಕಬ್ಬಿಣದ ಮರ kabbinada mara, ಕಾಲ್ಮಧು kaalmadhu, ಕಂಪಾಲೆ kampale, ಕುಂಪೋಲಿ kumpoli
~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (कोंकणी) / Kannada (ಕೊಂಕಣಿ) / Malayalam (കൊങ്കണി) / Perso-Arabic (کونکنی) / Romi (Konknni) ... spoken in: Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala, Gujarat
कांटे कुंबळो kante kumblo
~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~
written in: Malayalam (മലയാളം) ... spoken in: Kerala, Lakshadweep
കരിങ്കാര karimkara
~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (मराठी) ... spoken in: Maharashtra, Karnataka
कुंबळ kumbal
~~~~~ NAGPURI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (नागपुरी), Kaithi (historically) ... spoken in: Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Odisha ... spoken by: Nagpuria people, also Nagpuri or Sadan ... other names for this language: Sadri, Sadani
काँटा बुहेल kanta buhel
~~~~~ ODIA ~~~~~
written in: Odia (ଓଡ଼ିଆ) ... spoken in: Odisha, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
କଣ୍ଟାବଉଳ kantabaula
~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~
written in: Tamil (தமிழ்) ... spoken in: Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
முள்மகிழ் mul-makil
  • for Sideroxylon tomentosum Roxb. ... University of Madras. Tamil lexicon. [Madras], University of Madras, 1924-1936.
பாலை palai
  • BIOTIK (Biodiversity Informatics and co-operation in Taxonomy for Interactive shared Knowledge base) ... (accessed: May 14, 2026)
~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~
written in: Telugu ( తెలుగు) ... spoken in: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Puducherry
బెజ్జురెం bejjuren
~~~~~ KNOWN DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~
Andhra Pradesh, **Assam, Bihar, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, **Meghalaya, **Nagaland, Odisha, **Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal
** distribution doubtful / not reported
~~~~~ Created on: 18:20 13-05-2026 ¦ Last updated: 16:56 14-05-2026 (DD-MM-YYYY) ~~~~~
Sapotaceae tropical evergreen tree "Xantolis tomentosa" "Achras tomentosa" "Planchonella tomentosa" "Pouteria tomentosa" "Sapota tomentosa" "Sideroxylon tomentosum" "Planchonella dongnaiensis" "Sapota elengoides" "hairy xantolis" "Indian bully tree" "woolly ironwood"

Sunday, 25 January 2026

Annona reticulata L.

Annona reticulata L.

uh-NO-nuh -- Latinized form of the American Indian taino, vernacular name for cherimoya ... Dave's Botanary
reh-tick-yoo-LAY-tuh -- netted ... Dave's Botanary
commonly known as: bull's heart, bullock's heart, Jamaica apple, netted custard apple, ox-heart • Assamese: আত্ লচ্ aat-loch • Bengali: নোনা nona • Bhojpuri: छोटीकरी chotikari, कजौटा kajauta • Gujarati: રામફલ ramphal • Hindi: आत aat (or आता aataa / अता ataa), लवनी lavani, नोना nona, पारावती parawati, रामफल ramphal, विन्ध्या vindhya • Kannada: ರಾಮಫಲ ramphal • Karbi: লঙলে জাঙফং longle jangphong • Konkani: ಗೊಯಿಂಚೆ ಅಂದಣ goyinche andana, रामफळ ramphal • Malayalam: ആത്ത aatha, പറങ്കിച്ചക്ക parangichakka, രാമച്ചീത്താ ramacheethaa • Manipuri: ꯑꯇꯥꯐꯜ ataphal • Marathi: अनर anara, अनवल anaval, रामफळ ramphal • Mizo: thei-chhung-phut • Nepali: राम फल raam phal • Nyishi: dowek • Odia: ଅଗ୍ରିମା agrima, ବଡ଼ିଆଲ୍ bardial, ନେହୁଆ nehua, ଲବଣୀ labani, ପିଠା ଫଳ pitha phala, ରାମଫଳ ramphala • Punjabi: ਰਾਮਫਲ ramphal, ਸ਼ਰੀਫਾ sharifa • Sanskrit: अग्रिमा agrima, बहुबीज bahubija, गण्डगात्र gandagatra, ग्रीष्मजा grishmaja, लवनी lavani • Santali: ᱟᱢᱥᱚᱯᱷᱚᱨᱤ amsophori, ᱜᱚᱢ gom, ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱼᱦᱟᱣᱟ nag-hawa, ᱨᱟᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ ramphal, ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱷᱨᱤ ᱟᱢ saphri am • Tamil: அணிநுணா aninuna, ஆத்தா atta, மனிலாவாத்தா manilavatta, ராமச்சீத்தா ramaccitta • Telugu: రామఫలము ramaphalamu • Tulu: ರಾಮಫಲೊ ramphalo • Urdu: آت aat, لوني lavani, نونا nona, پاراوتي parawati, رام پَھل ramphal, وندهيا vindhya
botanical names: Annona reticulata L. ... heterotypic synonyms: Annona humboldtiana Kunth • Annona humboldtii Dunal ... and more at POWO, retrieved 22 January 2026
NOTE: The "Anona" Spelling: While "Anona" appears frequently in older literature and is sometimes used today as a common name or a misspelling, it is generally considered an orthographical variant.
Bibliography / etymology
Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will. The bits about the languages of India mentioned below are merely some bare facts gathered from the internet; just enough to satisfy curiosity about "where" could the listed names be best prevalent in India. All English transliterated names to be taken sensu amplo.
~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~
written and spoken widely, in most parts of India
bull's heart
  • Nurserylive - a platform to address all garden related needs across India ... (accessed: Jan 22, 2026)
bullock's heart, Jamaican apple, ox-heart
netted custard apple
~~~~~ ASSAMESE ~~~~~
written in: Assamese (অসমীয়া) ... spoken in: Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya
আত্ লচ্ aat-loch
  • Candrakānta abhidhāna : Asamiyi sabdara butpatti aru udaharanere Asamiya-Ingraji dui bhashara artha thaka abhidhana. 2nd ed. Guwahati : Guwahati Bisbabidyalaya, 1962. ... (accessed: Jan 22, 2026)
  • Baree - The Home Garden of Assam ... (accessed: Feb 22, 2022; site now inactive)
~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~
written in: Bengali (বাংলা) ... spoken in: West Bengal, Assam, Jharkhand, Tripura, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
নোনা nona
  • PRAIN, DAVID - BENGAL PLANTS - VOL. I ... (accessed: Jan 22, 2026)
~~~~~ BHOJPURI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (भोजपुरी) ... spoken in: eastern Uttar Pradesh, western Bihar and northwestern Jharkhand
छोटीकरी chotikari, कजौटा kajauta
  • Floristic Diversity of West Champaran - बिहार वानिकी विकास निगम लिमिटेड (Bihar Forestry Development Corporation Limited) ... (accessed: Jan 24, 2026)
~~~~~ GUJARATI ~~~~~
written in: Gujarati (ગુજરાતી) ... spoken in: Gujarat, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu
રામફલ ramphal
~~~~~ HINDI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (हिन्दी) ... spoken in: Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand
आत aat (or आता aataa / अता ataa), लवनी lavani, नोना nona, पारावती parawati, रामफल ramphal, विन्ध्या vindhya
~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~
written in: Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ) ... spoken in: Karnataka
ರಾಮಫಲ ramphal
~~~~~ KARBI ~~~~~
written in: Roman ... spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland ... other names for this language: Mikir or Arleng
লঙলে জাঙফং longle jangphong
~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (कोंकणी) / Kannada (ಕೊಂಕಣಿ) / Malayalam (കൊങ്കണി) / Perso-Arabic (کونکنی) / Romi (Konknni) ... spoken in: Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala, Gujarat
ಗೊಯಿಂಚೆ ಅಂದಣ goyinche andana
रामफळ ramphal
~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~
written in: Malayalam (മലയാളം) ... spoken in: Kerala, Lakshadweep
ആത്ത aatha, പറങ്കിച്ചക്ക parangichakka, രാമച്ചീത്താ ramacheethaa
~~~~~ MANIPURI ~~~~~
written in: Meiteilon (ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ), Bengali-Assamese ... spoken in: Manipur ... other names for this language: Meetei
ꯑꯇꯥꯐꯜ ataphal
~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (मराठी) ... spoken in: Maharashtra, Karnataka
अनर anara, अनवल anaval, रामफळ ramphal
  • Molesworth, J. T. (James Thomas). A dictionary, Marathi and English. 2d ed., rev. and enl. Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's press, 1857. ... (accessed: Jan 24, 2026)
~~~~~ MIZO ~~~~~
written in: Latin, Bengali-Assamese ... spoken in: Mizoram ... other names for this language: Lushai, Duhlian
thei-chhung-phut
~~~~~ NEPALI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (नेपाली) ... spoken in: Nepal, West Bengal, Assam, Sikkim
राम फल raam phal
  • Many thanks to Saroj Kumar Kasaju for help with this name ... eFloraofIndia
~~~~~ NYISHI ~~~~~
written in: Latin ... spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam ... spoken by the Daffla (or Dafla) tribe, now known as Nyishi tribe ... other names for this language: Nishi, Nisi, Nishang, Nissi, Nyising, Leil, Aya, Akang, Bangni-Bangru, Solung
dowek
~~~~~ ODIA ~~~~~
written in: Odia (ଓଡ଼ିଆ) ... spoken in: Odisha, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
ଅଗ୍ରିମା agrima, ନେହୁଆ nehua (or ନେଉଆ neua), ଲବଣୀ labani, ପିଠା ଫଳ pitha phala
ବଡ଼ିଆଲ୍ bardial (or ବଢ଼ିଅଳ bardhiala / ବଢ଼ିଆଳ bardhiala / ବଢ଼େଲ୍ bardhel)
ରାମଫଳ ramphala
~~~~~ PUNJABI ~~~~~
written in: Gurmukhi (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ) ... spoken in: Punjab
ਰਾਮਫਲ ramphal
  • Punjabi Jagran - Punjabi news portal of Jagran New Media group ... (accessed: Jan 23, 2026)
ਸ਼ਰੀਫਾ sharifa
~~~~~ SANSKRIT ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (संस्कृतम्) ... used all over India by priests and scholars
अग्रिमा agrima
  • Learn Sanskrit - पठत संस्कृतम् - शब्दकोशः ... (accessed: Jan 24, 2026)
बहुबीज bahubija, गण्डगात्र gandagatra, ग्रीष्मजा grishmaja, लवनी lavani
  • Learn Sanskrit - पठत संस्कृतम् - शब्दकोशः ... (accessed: Jan 24, 2026)
~~~~~ SANTALI ~~~~~
written in: Ol Chiki (ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ), Bengali (সাঁওতালী), Odia (ସାନ୍ତାଳୀ), Devanagari (सान्ताली), Roman ... spoken in: Jharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha
ᱟᱢᱥᱚᱯᱷᱚᱨᱤ amsophori, ᱜᱚᱢ gom, ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱷᱨᱤ ᱟᱢ saphri am
ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱼᱦᱟᱣᱟ nag-hawa, ᱨᱟᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ ramphal
~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~
written in: Tamil (தமிழ்) ... spoken in: Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
அணிநுணா aninuna, ஆத்தா atta
  • University of Madras. Tamil lexicon. [Madras], University of Madras, 1924-1936. ... (accessed: Jan 24, 2026)
மனிலாவாத்தா manilavatta, ராமச்சீத்தா ramaccitta
~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~
written in: Telugu ( తెలుగు) ... spoken in: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Puducherry
రామఫలము ramaphalamu
  • Flora Andhrika - Plant Wealth of Andhra Pradesh, India ... (accessed: Jan 23, 2026)
  • Brown, Charles Philip. A Telugu-English dictionary. 2nd ed. Madras: Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1903. ... (accessed: Jan 24, 2026)
~~~~~ TULU ~~~~~
written in: Tigalari (Tulu) was used for writing Vedic texts in Sanskrit, Kannada (ತುಳು), Malayalam (തുളു) ... spoken in: Karnataka, north Kerala
ರಾಮಫಲೊ ramphalo
~~~~~ URDU ~~~~~
written in: Urdu (اردو) ... spoken in: Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Bihar, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka
آت aat (or آتا aataa), لوني lavani, نونا nona, پاراوتي parawati, رام پَھل ramphal, وندهيا vindhya
~~~~~ KNOWN DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~
cultivated widely in mainland as well as her islands
~~~~~ Created on: 16:53 22-01-2026 ¦ Last updated: 09:31 26-01-2026 (DD-MM-YYYY) ~~~~~
Annonaceae tropical evergreen tree "Annona reticulata" "Annona humboldtiana" "Annona humboldtii" "bull's heart" "bullock's heart" "Jamaican apple" "netted custard apple" "ox-heart"

Thursday, 22 January 2026

Ancistrocladus heyneanus Wall. ex J.Graham

Ancistrocladus heyneanus Wall. ex J.Graham

an-siss-troh-KLAD-us -- Greek: ankistron (fish hook); clados (branch) ... Dave's Botanary
hey-nee-AH-nus -- named for Dr B Heyne, German botanist and traveller ... Wikipedia
commonly known as: kardalKonkani: करदळ karadal • Malayalam: മോതിരവള്ളി modiravalli • Marathi: करदळ karadal (or करदळी karadali)
botanical names: Ancistrocladus heyneanus Wall. ex J.Graham ... synonyms: no synonyms known ... POWO, retrieved 21 January 2026
Bibliography / etymology
Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will. The bits about the languages of India mentioned below are merely some bare facts gathered from the internet; just enough to satisfy curiosity about "where" could the listed names be best prevalent in India. All English transliterated names to be taken sensu amplo.
~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~
written and spoken widely, in most parts of India
kardal
~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (कोंकणी) / Kannada (ಕೊಂಕಣಿ) / Malayalam (കൊങ്കണി) / Perso-Arabic (کونکنی) / Romi (Konknni) ... spoken in: Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala, Gujarat
करदळ karadal
  • Marathi name borrowed, for want of name
~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~
written in: Malayalam (മലയാളം) ... spoken in: Kerala, Lakshadweep
മോതിരവള്ളി modiravalli
~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (मराठी) ... spoken in: Maharashtra, Karnataka
करदळ karadal (or करदळी karadali)
~~~~~ KNOWN DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~
Goa, *Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, *Tamil Nadu; endemic
* no given name / no name found in the regional language(s) of the state
~~~~~ Created on: 20:56 21-01-2026 ¦ Last updated: 11:16 22-01-2026 (DD-MM-YYYY) ~~~~~
Ancistrocladaceae endemic "climbing shrub" liana "Ancistrocladus heyneanus" kardal

Wednesday, 21 January 2026

Spondias pinnata (L.f.) Kurz

Spondias pinnata (L.f.) Kurz

SPON-dee-as -- Greek name for plum ... Dave's Botanary
pin-NAY-tuh -- feather-shaped ... Dave's Botanary
commonly known as: Andaman mombin, Indian hog plum, Indian mombin, wild mango • Abor: dergi-asing • Adi: dorge, dorgu dorge • Ahom: আমৰা amora • Andamans (local name): gue • Assamese: আমৰা aamaraa • Bengali: আমড়া aamada, আম্রাত aamraata, আম্রাতক aamraataka • Bodo: thaisuri • Dogri: माड़ा madha, मंब mamb • Garo: ambare rongtong, ambi-thong, ambri-thong, thong-rong • Gujarati: અંબાડાં ambaadaa, અંબાડો ambaado, અંબેડી ambedi, અંબેડો ambedo • Hajong: amra • Haryanvi: अमरा amara • Hindi: अम्बाड़ा ambara, अम्बाड़ी ambari, अमरा amra, भृङ्गी फल bhringi-phal, मेटुला metula, पशु हरितकी pashu-haritaki, पीतन pitan • Kachari: thaisudi-phang • Kannada: ಅಬಟ್ಟಿ ಮರ abatti mara, ಅಮಟೆ ಕಾಯಿಮರ amate kaayimara, ಅಂಬಾಡೆ ambaade, ಅಂಬಟೆ ambate, ಗೊಡ್ಡದ ಕಾಯಿ goddada kaayi, ಗೊಡ್ಡಮಟೆ goddamate, ಕಾಡಂಬಟ್ಟಿ kadambatti, ಕೊಡಲಿ ಮಾವು kodali maavu, ಮರ ಹುಣಿಸೆ mara hunise, ಮುತ್ತಿಗ muttiga, ಪೂಂಡಿ poondi, ತಿಂಡೀಕ tindeeka, ವೃಕ್ಷಾಮ್ಲ vrkshaamla • Karbi: chiming-arong, suming-arong • Khasi: dieng-soh-pier, dieng-soh-pier-kanthai • Kokborok: raisoingsing, thai-toui, totoi gera • Konkani: आंबाडो ambado • Kuki: tai-to-thing, toito • Lepcha: ᰛᰩᰮᰀᰤᰧᰶᰜᰧᰵ ᰀᰪᰵ raom-chyee-ling koong, ᰛᰪᰵᰀᰤᰧᰶᰜᰧᰵ rung-chyee-ling • Malayalam: അമ്പഴം ampazham, കാട്ട്മാങ്ങ kaattumaanga • Manipuri: ꯍꯩꯅꯤꯡ heining • Marathi: अमडा amada, आंबाडा ambada, ढोलआंबा dholamba, खटांबा khatamba, रानआंबा ranamba • Maring: totohei • Mishing: dergi-asing • Mizo: tawi-taw • Mundari: ambaru, arbaru • Nagamese: tamzen • Nepali: अमारो amaaro • Nyishi: dongkal seen, pakka • Odia: ଅଧ୍ୱଗଭୋଗ୍ୟ adhwagabhogya, ଆମ୍ବଡ଼ା ambarda, ଆମ୍ରାତ amrata, ଅତ୍ୟମ୍ଳ atyamla, ବାଳମୂଳିକା balamulika, ବୃଦ୍ଧ ବିଭୀତକ bruddha bibhitaka, ବୃକ୍ଷାମ୍ଳ brukshamla, କପିପ୍ରିୟ kapipriya, କପୀତନ kapitana, ଫଳୀ phali, ପୀତନ pitana, ପୂରାମ୍ଳ puramla, ରସାଢ୍ୟ rasadhya, ସାଲମା salama, ଶୁଙ୍ଗ shunga • Pahari: अंबुआड़ा ambuara • Pali: अंबाटका ambataka • Punjabi: ਭੰਬੋਲਾ bhanbola • Rabha: doythe • Sanskrit: अध्वगभोग्य adhvagabhogya, आम्रात amrata, आम्रवाट amravata, अत्यम्ल atyamla, भृङ्गीफल bhrngiphala, बीजामित bijamita, बृहद्बीज brhadbija, इन्दुफल induphala, कपिचूड kapichuda, कपिप्रिय kapipriya, कपिरसाध्या kapirasadhya, कपीतन kapitana, माधवद्रुम madhavadruma, मधुराम्लक madhuramlaka, मेटुला metula, पशुहरीतकी pashuharitaki, पीतनक pitanaka, पूराम्ल puramla, रसाढ्य rasadhya, सारण sarana, शृङ्गिन् shrngin, शुङ्ग shunga, स्वादुरसा svadurasa, तनुक्षीर tanukshira, वर्षपल्किन् varshapalkin, वृद्धविभीतक vrddhavibhitaka, वृक्षाम्ल vrkshamla • Santali: ᱟᱢᱲᱟ amra • Tagin: kodum • Tamil: அம்பாழம் ambazham, ஆம்பிரம் ampiram, அப்பீரகம் appirakam, காட்டுமா kattuma, கிஞ்சம் kincam, மாழை malai, மாம்புளி mampuli, மாரிமா marima, நாளினி naalini, புளிமா pulima, உகின் ukin • Tangkhul: heining • Tangsa: makok • Telugu: అడవిమామిడి adavimamidi, అధ్వము adhvamu, అంబాళము ambalamu, అంపిలేపిచెట్టు ampilepichettu, ఆమ్రతకము aamrathakamu, ఇవురుమామిడి ivuru mamidi, కొండమామిడి konda mamidi, పీతవృక్షము peetha vrukshamu • Tibetan: ཨ་མྲ a-mra, ཨ་མྲ་ཏ་ཀ a-mra-ta-ka, ཤིན་པ་ཀོ sin-pa-ko, ཤིན་བྲ་ཀ sin-bra-ka • Tulu: ಅಂಬಡೆ ambade, ಅಂಬಟೆ ambate • Urdu: امباڙا ambara, امباڙي ambari, امرا amra, پهل بهرنگي bhringi-phal, ميٿلا metula, هريتکي پش pashu-haritaki, پيتن pitan
botanical names: Spondias pinnata (L.f.) Kurz ... homotypic synonyms: Mangifera pinnata L.f. ... heterotypic synonyms: Spondias amara Lam. • Spondias mangifera Willd. • Spondias paniculata Roxb. ex Wight & Arn. ... and more at POWO, retrieved 18 January 2026
Bibliography / etymology
Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will. The bits about the languages of India mentioned below are merely some bare facts gathered from the internet; just enough to satisfy curiosity about "where" could the listed names be best prevalent in India. All English transliterated names to be taken sensu amplo.
~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~
written and spoken widely, in most parts of India
Andaman mombin, Indian mombin
Indian hog plum
wild mango
~~~~~ ABOR ~~~~~
written in: Latin ... spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh ... Abor is one of the two groups of the various languages and dialects of the Adi people, other being Lhoba, spoken by Lobha people of south-eastern Tibet
dergi-asing
  • Flora of Assam Vol I (Part II) by U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, C Purkayastha ... (accessed: Jan 18, 2026)
~~~~~ ADI ~~~~~
written in: Latin ... spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh
dorge, dorgu dorge
~~~~~ AHOM ~~~~~
written in: Ahom, Assamese ... mainly used by priests and scholars for religious and educational purposes; spoken in: erstwhile Ahom kingdom (some part in present day Assam) ... other names for this language: Tai-Ahom
আমৰা amora
~~~~~ Andamans ~~~~~
languages spoken: Bengali | Tamil | Telugu | Hindi | Malayalam | Sadri | Kurukh | and a dozen endangered Andamanese languages ... written using their respective scripts, oral languages use Devanagari / Latin
gue
~~~~~ ASSAMESE ~~~~~
written in: Assamese (অসমীয়া) ... spoken in: Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya
আমৰা aamaraa
  • Flora of Assam Vol I (Part II) by U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, C Purkayastha ... (accessed: Jan 18, 2026)
~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~
written in: Bengali (বাংলা) ... spoken in: West Bengal, Assam, Jharkhand, Tripura, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
আমড়া aamada
  • PRAIN, DAVID - BENGAL PLANTS - VOL. I ... (accessed: Jan 18, 2026)
আম্রাত aamraata, আম্রাতক aamraataka
~~~~~ BODO ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari or Latin ... spoken in: Assam ... other names for this language: Boro
thaisuri
~~~~~ DOGRI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (डोगरी) ... spoken in: Jammu & Kashmir ... spoken by the Dogras
माड़ा madha, मंब mamb
  • Many thanks to OM Prakash Vidyarthi for help with these names ... facebook ... (accessed: Jan 21, 2026)
~~~~~ GARO ~~~~~
written in: Roman, Bengali-Assamese, A-Chik Tok'birim ... spoken in: Meghalaya, Assam
ambare rongtong
ambi-thong
ambri-thong, thong-rong
  • Flora of Assam Vol I (Part II) by U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, C Purkayastha ... (accessed: Jan 18, 2026)
~~~~~ GUJARATI ~~~~~
written in: Gujarati (ગુજરાતી) ... spoken in: Gujarat, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu
અંબાડાં ambaadaa, અંબાડો ambado
અંબેડી ambedi, અંબેડો ambedo
~~~~~ HAJONG ~~~~~
written in: Bengali-Assamese (হাজং), Latin ... spoken in: Assam, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, and West Bengal
amra
~~~~~ HARYANVI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (हरियाणवी or हरयाणवी) ... spoken in: Haryana, Delhi
अमरा amara
  • Haryana Forest Flora - A Comprehensive Database of Ligneous Plants of Haryana (India) ... (accessed: Jan 19, 2026)
~~~~~ HINDI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (हिन्दी) ... spoken in: Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand
अम्बाड़ा ambara, अम्बाड़ी ambari, अमरा amra, भृङ्गी फल bhringi-phal, मेटुला metula, पशु हरितकी pashu-haritaki, पीतन pitan
~~~~~ KACHARI ~~~~~
written in: Bengali-Assamese, Devanagari, Latin ... spoken in: Assam, Nagaland ... other names for this language: Cachari, Plains Kachari (Boro or Bara) and Hill Kachari (Dimasa)
thaisudi-phang
  • Flora of Assam Vol I (Part II) by U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, C Purkayastha ... (accessed: Jan 18, 2026)
~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~
written in: Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ) ... spoken in: Karnataka
ಅಂಬಟೆ ambate, ಅಂಬಾಡೆ ambaade, ತಿಂಡೀಕ tindeeka
ಅಬಟ್ಟಿ ಮರ abatti mara, ಅಮಟೆ ಕಾಯಿಮರ amate kaayimara, ಗೊಡ್ಡಮಟೆ goddamate, ಗೊಡ್ಡದ ಕಾಯಿ goddada kaayi, ಕಾಡಂಬಟ್ಟಿ kadambatti, ಕೊಡಲಿ ಮಾವು kodali maavu, ಮರ ಹುಣಿಸೆ mara hunise, ಮುತ್ತಿಗ muttiga, ಪೂಂಡಿ poondi, ವೃಕ್ಷಾಮ್ಲ vrkshaamla
  • BIOTIK (Biodiversity Informatics and co-operation in Taxonomy for Interactive shared Knowledge base) ... (accessed: Jan 20, 2026)
~~~~~ KARBI ~~~~~
written in: Roman ... spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland ... other names for this language: Mikir or Arleng
chiming-arong, suming-arong
  • Flora of Assam Vol I (Part II) by U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, C Purkayastha ... (accessed: Jan 18, 2026)
~~~~~ KHASI ~~~~~
written in: Latin (Khasi alphabet), Bengali-Assamese ... spoken in: Meghalaya, Assam
dieng-soh-pier, dieng-soh-pier-kanthai
  • Flora of Assam Vol I (Part II) by U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, C Purkayastha ... (accessed: Jan 18, 2026)
  • or dieng-soh-pair-kynthai ... Sawian, J.T. & Jeeva, Solomon & Lyndem, F.G. & Laloo, R.C.. (2007). Wild edible plants of Meghalaya, North-East India. Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources. 6. 410-426. ... (accessed: Jan 19, 2026)
~~~~~ KOKBOROK ~~~~~
written in: Koloma, Latin, Bengali–Assamese (ককবরক), Kokmari ... spoken in: Tripura ... other names for this language: Tripuri, Kokbarak, Tippera, Tipra, Trippera
raisoingsing, thai-toui, totoi gera
  • NATURE INFO - Electronic Database - Spondias pinnata by Md. Salah Uddin ... (accessed: Jan 20, 2026)
~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (कोंकणी) / Kannada (ಕೊಂಕಣಿ) / Malayalam (കൊങ്കണി) / Perso-Arabic (کونکنی) / Romi (Konknni) ... spoken in: Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala, Gujarat
आंबाडो ambado
~~~~~ KUKI ~~~~~
written in: Roman ... spoken in: Manipur, Assam, Nagaland ... other names for this language:Thado, Thado-Pao, Thado-Ubiphei, Thaadou Kuki
tai-to-thing, toito
  • Flora of Assam Vol I (Part II) by U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, C Purkayastha ... (accessed: Jan 18, 2026)
~~~~~ LEPCHA ~~~~~
written in: Lepcha (or Róng), Tibetan ... spoken in: Sikkim, West Bengal
ᰛᰩᰮᰀᰤᰧᰶᰜᰧᰵ ᰀᰪᰵ raom-chyee-ling koong, ᰛᰪᰵᰀᰤᰧᰶᰜᰧᰵ rung-chyee-ling
~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~
written in: Malayalam (മലയാളം) ... spoken in: Kerala, Lakshadweep
അമ്പഴം ampazham (or അന്പാഴം anpaazham / അന്പഴം anpazham)
കാട്ട്മാങ്ങ kaattumaanga
~~~~~ MANIPURI ~~~~~
written in: Meiteilon (ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ), Bengali-Assamese ... spoken in: Manipur ... other names for this language: Meetei
ꯍꯩꯅꯤꯡ heining
  • Flowers of India, retrieved January 18, 2026
  • Flora of Assam Vol I (Part II) by U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, C Purkayastha ... (accessed: Jan 18, 2026)
~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (मराठी) ... spoken in: Maharashtra, Karnataka
अमडा amada, आंबाडा ambada, ढोलआंबा dholamba, खटांबा khatamba, रानआंबा ranamba
  • Molesworth, J. T. (James Thomas). A dictionary, Marathi and English. 2d ed., rev. and enl. Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's press, 1857. ... (accessed: Jan 20, 2026)
~~~~~ MARING ~~~~~
written in: Meitei (ꯃꯔꯤꯡ) ... spoken in: Manipur ... spoken by Maring people ... not to be confused with the Maring language of New Guinea
totohei
~~~~~ MISHING ~~~~~
written in: Assamese, Devanagari, Latin ... spoken in: Assam, Arunachal Pradesh ... other names for this language: Mising, Plains Miri
dergi-asing
  • Flora of Assam Vol I (Part II) by U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, C Purkayastha ... (accessed: Jan 18, 2026)
~~~~~ MIZO ~~~~~
written in: Latin, Bengali-Assamese ... spoken in: Mizoram ... other names for this language: Lushai, Duhlian
tawi-taw
~~~~~ MUNDARI ~~~~~
written in: Mundari Bani, Odia, Devanagari, Bengali, Latin ... spoken in: Jharkhand, Odisha
ambaru, arbaru
~~~~~ NAGAMESE ~~~~~
written in: Roman ... spoken in: Nagaland ... the Naga languages are a geographic and ethnic grouping of languages, spoken mostly by Naga peoples
tamzen
  • Flora of Assam Vol I (Part II) by U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, C Purkayastha ... (accessed: Jan 18, 2026)
~~~~~ NEPALI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (नेपाली) ... spoken in: Nepal, West Bengal, Assam, Sikkim
अमारो amaaro
  • Many thanks to Saroj Kumar Kasaju for help with this name ... eFloraofIndia
~~~~~ NYISHI ~~~~~
written in: Latin ... spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam ... spoken by the Daffla (or Dafla) tribe, now known as Nyishi tribe ... other names for this language: Nishi, Nisi, Nishang, Nissi, Nyising, Leil, Aya, Akang, Bangni-Bangru, Solung
dongkal seen, pakka
~~~~~ ODIA ~~~~~
written in: Odia (ଓଡ଼ିଆ) ... spoken in: Odisha, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
ଅଧ୍ୱଗଭୋଗ୍ୟ adhwagabhogya, ଆମ୍ବଡ଼ା ambarda, ଆମ୍ରାତ amrata, ଅତ୍ୟମ୍ଳ atyamla, ବାଳମୂଳିକା balamulika, ବୃଦ୍ଧ ବିଭୀତକ bruddha bibhitaka, ବୃକ୍ଷାମ୍ଳ brukshamla, କପିପ୍ରିୟ kapipriya, କପୀତନ kapitana, ଫଳୀ phali, ପୀତନ pitana, ପୂରାମ୍ଳ puramla, ରସାଢ୍ୟ rasadhya, ସାଲମା salama, ଶୁଙ୍ଗ shunga
~~~~~ PAHARI (or PAHADI) ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (पहाड़ी), Perso-Arabic (پہاڑی) ... variety of languages, dialects and language groups, spoken in Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand
अंबुआड़ा ambuara
~~~~~ PALI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (पालि) ... used by priests and scholars, the sacred language of Theravada Buddhism
अंबाटका ambataka
~~~~~ PUNJABI ~~~~~
written in: Gurmukhi (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ) ... spoken in: Punjab
ਭੰਬੋਲਾ bhanbola
~~~~~ RABHA ~~~~~
written in: Assamese (ৰাভা), Bengali, English ... spoken in: Assam, Nagaland, West Bengal, Meghalaya
doythe
~~~~~ SANSKRIT ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (संस्कृतम्) ... used all over India by priests and scholars
अध्वगभोग्य adhvagabhogya, आम्रात amrata (or आम्रातक amrataka), आम्रवाट amravata (or आम्रवाटक amravataka / आम्रवाटिक amravatika), अत्यम्ल atyamla, भृङ्गीफल bhrngiphala, बीजामित bijamita, बृहद्बीज brhadbija, इन्दुफल induphala, कपिचूड kapichuda, कपिप्रिय kapipriya, कपिरसाध्या kapirasadhya, कपीतन kapitana, माधवद्रुम madhavadruma, मधुराम्लक madhuramlaka, पशुहरीतकी pashuharitaki, पीतनक pitanaka, पूराम्ल puramla, रसाढ्य rasadhya, सारण sarana, शृङ्गिन् shrngin, शुङ्ग shunga (or शुङ्गी shungi), स्वादुरसा svadurasa, तनुक्षीर tanukshira, वर्षपल्किन् varshapalkin, वृद्धविभीतक vrddhavibhitaka, वृक्षाम्ल vrkshamla
  • Learn Sanskrit - पठत संस्कृतम् - शब्दकोशः ... (accessed: Jan 20, 2026)
मेटुला metula
~~~~~ SANTALI ~~~~~
written in: Ol Chiki (ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ), Bengali (সাঁওতালী), Odia (ସାନ୍ତାଳୀ), Devanagari (सान्ताली), Roman ... spoken in: Jharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha
ᱟᱢᱲᱟ amra
~~~~~ TAGIN ~~~~~
written in: Roman ... spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh ... other names for this language: West Dafla, Bangni ... spoken by: Tagin people or Ghasi Miri people
kodum
~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~
written in: Tamil (தமிழ்) ... spoken in: Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
அம்பாழம் ambazham
  • BIOTIK (Biodiversity Informatics and co-operation in Taxonomy for Interactive shared Knowledge base) ... (accessed: Jan 20, 2026)
ஆம்பிரம் ampiram, அப்பீரகம் appirakam, காட்டுமா kattuma, கிஞ்சம் kincam (or சிஞ்சம் cincam), மாழை malai, மாம்புளி mampuli, மாரிமா marima, நாளினி naalini, புளிமா pulima, உகின் ukin (or எகின் ekin)
  • University of Madras. Tamil lexicon. [Madras], University of Madras, 1924-1936. ... (accessed: Jan 20, 2026)
~~~~~ TANGKHUL ~~~~~
written in: Latin, Meitei (ꯇꯥꯡꯈꯨꯜ) ... spoken in: Manipur, Nagaland ... spoken by: Tangkhul people
heining
~~~~~ TANGSA ~~~~~
written in: Tangsa, Latin ... spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam ... other names for this language: Tase and Tase Naga ... spoken by: Tangshang people or Tangsa Naga
makok
~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~
written in: Telugu ( తెలుగు) ... spoken in: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Puducherry
అడవిమామిడి adavimamidi, అంబాళము ambalamu
  • Flora Andhrika - Plant Wealth of Andhra Pradesh, India ... (accessed: Jan 20, 2026)
  • Brown, Charles Philip. A Telugu-English dictionary. 2nd ed. Madras: Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1903. ... (accessed: Jan 20, 2026)
అధ్వము adhvamu
అంపిలేపిచెట్టు ampilepichettu, ఆమ్రతకము aamrathakamu, ఇవురుమామిడి ivuru mamidi, కొండమామిడి konda mamidi, పీతవృక్షము peetha vrukshamu
~~~~~ TIBETAN ~~~~~
written in: Tibetan ... spoken in: Tibet, Jammu, Kashmir & Ladakh, Karnataka, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bhutan
ཨ་མྲ a-mra, ཨ་མྲ་ཏ་ཀ a-mra-ta-ka, ཤིན་པ་ཀོ sin-pa-ko, ཤིན་བྲ་ཀ sin-bra-ka (or ཤིན་བྲ་ཀོ sin-bra-ko)
~~~~~ TULU ~~~~~
written in: Tigalari (Tulu) was used for writing Vedic texts in Sanskrit, Kannada (ತುಳು), Malayalam (തുളു) ... spoken in: Karnataka, north Kerala
ಅಂಬಡೆ ambade, ಅಂಬಟೆ ambate
~~~~~ URDU ~~~~~
written in: Urdu (اردو) ... spoken in: Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Bihar, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka
امباڙا ambara, امباڙي ambari, امرا amra, پهل بهرنگي bhringi-phal, ميٿلا metula, هريتکي پش pashu-haritaki, پيتن pitan
~~~~~ KNOWN DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~
Widely, but sparsely distributed across India, primarily thriving in tropical, subtropical moist deciduous forests and sub-Himalayan regions; also cultivated.
~~~~~ Created on: 10:38 18-01-2026 ¦ Last updated: 10:43 22-01-2026 (DD-MM-YYYY) ~~~~~
Anacardiaceae deciduous tree "Spondias pinnata" "Mangifera pinnata" "Spondias amara" "Spondias mangifera" "Spondias paniculata" "Andaman mombin" "Indian hog plum" "Indian mombin" "wild mango"

Xantolis tomentosa (Roxb.) Raf.

zan-TOH-liss -- Greek: xanthos (yellow); holos (whole or entire); lissos (smooth) ... compiled from web toh-men-TOH-suh -- covered...