Lumnitzera racemosa Willd.

lum-NITS-ee-rah -- named in honour of Stephen Lumnitzer, German botanist ... Wikipedia
ray-see-MO-suh -- having racemes (flower cluster) ... Dave's Botanary

commonly known as: black mangrove, white-flowered mangrove • Bengali: কিরপা kirpa • Gujarati: ખારો કાંડેલ kharo kandel • Kannada: ತಂಡಾರ thandaara • Konkani: खारो कांडेल kharo kamdel • Malayalam: കടക്കണ്ടൽ kadakkandal • Marathi: किर्पा kirpa • Odia: ଚୁରାଣ୍ଡ churand, କିରିପା kiripa, ତୁଣ୍ଡା tunda • Tamil: தீப்பரத்தை tipparathai • Telugu: కడివి kadivi, పొదప podapa, తండుగ tanduga


botanical names: Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. ... accepted infraspecifics: Lumnitzera racemosa var. racemosa ... heterotypic synonyms: Bruguiera madagascariensis DC. • Jussiaea racemosa Rottler ex DC. • Petaloma alternifolium Roxb. ... POWO

Bibliography / etymology

Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will.

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~

black mangrove, white-flowered mangrove

• Coastal and Marine Biodiversity Integration Network (CoMBINe)

~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~

কিরপা kirpa

• উইকিপিডিয়া - একটি মুক্ত বিশ্বকোষ
• Coastal and Marine Biodiversity Integration Network (CoMBINe)

~~~~~ GUJARATI ~~~~~

ખારો કાંડેલ kharo kandel

• Many thanks to Jaydip D Gadhiya for help with the name ... facebook

~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~

ತಂಡಾರ thandaara

• Mandayam Digital Library - Latin and Kannada names of indigenous and medicinal plants of Mysore by S G Narsimhachar

~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~

खारो कांडेल kharo kamdel

• Enumeration of plants from Gomantak India with a note on botanical excursions to the Castlerock area by V D Vartak

~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~

കടക്കണ്ടൽ kadakkandal

• വിക്കിപീഡിയ - സ്വതന്ത്രസർവ്വവിജ്ഞാനകോശം
• Coastal and Marine Biodiversity Integration Network (CoMBINe)

~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~

किर्पा kirpa

• Coastal and Marine Biodiversity Integration Network (CoMBINe)
• or छोटी किर्पा choti kirpa ... मराठी विश्वकोश - खारफुटी वनस्पतींची अनुकूलन क्षमता - शरद चाफेकर

~~~~~ ODIA ~~~~~

ଚୁରାଣ୍ଡ churand

• Many thanks to Jayanta Jena for help with this name ... facebook
• Coastal and Marine Biodiversity Integration Network (CoMBINe)

କିରିପା kiripa

• Many thanks to Jayanta Jena for help with this name ... facebook
• Das P K, Sahoo T, Panda P C. Forest trees of Odisha, India: An updated checklist. Plant Science Today. 2022; 9(4): 1021–1031.

ତୁଣ୍ଡା tunda

• Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha by Praharaj, G.C.
• Coastal and Marine Biodiversity Integration Network (CoMBINe)

~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~

தீப்பரத்தை tipparathai

• Many thanks to Dr Vijayasankar Raman for help with this name ... efloraofindia
• Checklist of Mangrove species of South East India and Sri Lanka

~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~

కడివి kadivi, పొదప podapa, తండుగ tanduga

• Flora Andhrika - Plant Wealth of Andhra Pradesh, India
• FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants
• Coastal and Marine Biodiversity Integration Network (CoMBINe)

~~~~~ DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~

Andaman & Nicobar islands, Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal

• Coastal and Marine Biodiversity Integration Network (CoMBINe)
• Enumeration of plants from Gomantak India with a note on botanical excursions to the Castlerock area by V D Vartak
• Bhatt, Shweta & Shah, Dharmendra & D., Desai. (2009). Occurrence of Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. In the Varoli Estuary, South Gujarat – A new record for Gujarat. Seshiyana. 16. 02-03.
• Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019. FLORA OF KARNATAKA, A Checklist, Volume – 2: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 1 - 1002 (Published by Karnataka Biodiversity Board)
• Hassler, Michael (2004 - 2023): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version 16.3; last update Aug. 16th, 2023. Last accessed 26/08/2023.

~~~~~ x ~~~~~

Combretaceae mangrove evergreen "large shrub" "small tree" "Lumnitzera racemosa" "Bruguiera madagascariensis" "Jussiaea racemosa" "Petaloma alternifolium" "black mangrove" "white-flowered mangrove" "white-flowered black mangrove"

Lophopetalum wightianum Arn.

¿ lo-foh-PET-al-um ? -- Greek: lophos (crest), and petalon (petal) ... Dave's Botanary
¿ wight-ee-AY-num ? -- named for Robert Wight, Scottish surgeon & botanist in India ... Dave's Botanary

commonly known as: Wight's crest-petal • Coorgi: ಪಾಲ್ಮನಿ paalmani • Hindi: बनाती banati • Kannada: ಬಲ್ಪಾಲೆ balpaale, ಬನಾಟೆ banaate, ಬೌರಾಲಪಾಲೆ bauralapaale, ಬಿಳಿ ಹಲಸು bili halasu, ಪಾಲ್ಮನಿ paalmani • Konkani: बोलपली bolpali • Malayalam: വെമ്പാല vembala, വെണ്‍കടവം venkatavam, വെങ്കൊട്ട venkotta • Marathi: बलफळे balphale, बनाती banati • Nepali: बलपले balapale • Tamil: காருக்கா karukka, வெள்ள பலா vella pala, வெள்ளபோலம் vellapolam, வெண்கடவன் venkatavan, வென்கோட்டா venkotta, வெண்குதம் venkutam • Tulu: ಬೊಲ್ಪಾಲೆ bolpaale


botanical names: Lophopetalum wightianum Arn. ... heterotypic synonyms: Lophopetalum fimbriatum Wight ... and more at POWO

Bibliography / etymology

Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will.

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~

Wight's crest-petal

• for want of name, name coined by Flowers of India

~~~~~ ASSAMESE ~~~~~

rumin

• for Lophopetalum fimbriatum Wight ... Botanical Survey of India - INDIAN WOODS - their identification, properties and uses - VOLUME II

rumu

• for Lophopetalum fimbriatum Wight ... Flora of Assam Vol I (Part II) by U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das, C Purkayastha

~~~~~ COORGI (Kodava takk)~~~~~

ಪಾಲ್ಮನಿ paalmani

• The Useful Plants of India by NISCAIR

~~~~~ HINDI ~~~~~

बनाती banati

• भारतवाणी - भारतीय भाषाओं द्वारा ज्ञान

~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~

ಬಲ್ಪಾಲೆ balpaale

• Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala and Karnataka - Shodhganga
• or ಬೆಲ್ಪಾಲೆ belpaale ... Alar - an authoritative Kannada-English dictionary corpus created by V. Krishna
• or ಬಲ್ಬಲೆ balpale ... BIOTIK (Biodiversity Informatics and co-operation in Taxonomy for Interactive shared Knowledge base)

ಬನಾಟೆ banaate

• Alar - an authoritative Kannada-English dictionary corpus created by V. Krishna
• Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019. FLORA OF KARNATAKA, A Checklist, Volume – 2: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 1 - 1002 (Published by Karnataka Biodiversity Board)

ಬೌರಾಲಪಾಲೆ bauralapaale

• BIOTIK (Biodiversity Informatics and co-operation in Taxonomy for Interactive shared Knowledge base)
• or ಬೋರಲುಪಾಲೆ boralupaale ... Alar - an authoritative Kannada-English dictionary corpus created by V. Krishna
• or ಬೋರಲುಪಾಲೆ boralupaale ... Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019. FLORA OF KARNATAKA, A Checklist, Volume – 2: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 1 - 1002 (Published by Karnataka Biodiversity Board)

ಬಿಳಿ ಹಲಸು bili halasu

• Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala and Karnataka - Shodhganga
• or ಬಿಳಿ ಹೆಬ್ಬಲಸು bili hebbalasu ... Alar - an authoritative Kannada-English dictionary corpus created by V. Krishna | Forests of Karnataka - A Panaromic View by Dipak Sarmah
• these names, most probably could be in context of wood / timber trade

ಪಾಲ್ಮನಿ paalmani

• BIOTIK (Biodiversity Informatics and co-operation in Taxonomy for Interactive shared Knowledge base)
• Alar - an authoritative Kannada-English dictionary corpus created by V. Krishna

~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~

बोलपली bolpali

• Enumeration of plants from Gomantak India with a note on botanical excursions to the Castlerock area by V D Vartak

~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~

വെമ്പാല vembala, വെണ്‍കടവം venkatavam, വെങ്കൊട്ട venkotta

• BIOTIK (Biodiversity Informatics and co-operation in Taxonomy for Interactive shared Knowledge base)

~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~

बलफळे balphale, बनाती banati

• मराठी विश्वकोश
• or बल्पले balpale ... Further Flowers of Sahyadri by Shrikant Ingalhalikar, the second among the three field guides to identify plants of northern Western Ghats of India, based on flowers
• or बालपाले balpale ... महाराष्ट्रातील वनस्पतीशास्त्र आणि वनसंपदा

~~~~~ NEPALI ~~~~~

बलपले balapale

• Many thanks to Saroj Kumar Kasaju for help with this name ... efloraofindia

~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~

காருக்கா karukka, வெள்ள பலா vella pala, வெள்ளபோலம் vellapolam, வெண்கடவன் venkatavan, வென்கோட்டா venkotta, வெண்குதம் venkutam

• BIOTIK (Biodiversity Informatics and co-operation in Taxonomy for Interactive shared Knowledge base)

~~~~~ TULU ~~~~~

ಬೊಲ್ಪಾಲೆ bolpaale

• Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala and Karnataka - Shodhganga

~~~~~ DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~

*Arunachal Pradesh, *Assam, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, *Meghalaya, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh

• Enumeration of plants from Gomantak India with a note on botanical excursions to the Castlerock area by V D Vartak
• Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019. FLORA OF KARNATAKA, A Checklist, Volume – 2: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 1 - 1002 (Published by Karnataka Biodiversity Board)
• for Lophopetalum fimbriatum Wight ... Botanical Survey of India - INDIAN WOODS - their identification, properties and uses - VOLUME II
• Hassler, Michael (2004 - 2023): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version 16.3; last update Aug. 16th, 2023. Last accessed 24/08/2023.

* no given name / no name found, in the regional language(s) of the state

~~~~~ x ~~~~~

Celastraceae evergreen butressed tree "Lophopetalum wightianum" "Lophopetalum fimbriatum" "Wight's lophopetalum"

Loeseneriella africana var. obtusifolia (Roxb.) N.Hallé

¿ LOES-ner-ee-EL-luh ? -- named for Theodor Loesener, German botanist ... Wikipedia
af-ri-KAHN-uh -- of or from Africa ... Dave's Botanary
ob-too-sih-FOH-lee-uh -- blunt leaf ... Dave's Botanary

commonly known as: Indo-China paddle-pod • Konkani: दवस davas • Malayalam: പുറംകൊടി puramkodi • Marathi: दौशीर daushir • Tamil: மெந்தக் கொடி menthakkodi • Telugu: మేడితీగ mediteega


botanical names: Loeseneriella africana var. obtusifolia (Roxb.) N.Hallé ... homotypic synonyms: Hippocratea obtusifolia Roxb. • Loeseneriella obtusifolia (Roxb.) A.C.Sm. ... and more at POWO

Bibliography / etymology

Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will.

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~

written and spoken widely, in most parts of India

Indo-China paddle-pod

• name coined by Flowers of India, for want of name

~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~

written in: Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ) ... spoken in: Karnataka

ainshi

• for Loeseneriella obtusifolia (Roxb.) A.C.Sm. ... Flora of India Vol. 5, Botanical Survey of India
• this does not seem to be a valid name

~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari, Kannada, Malayalam, Urdu, Roman ... spoken in: Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala

दवस davas

• for Hippocratea obtusifolia Roxb. ... Enumeration of plants from Gomantak India with a note on botanical excursions to the Castlerock area by V D Vartak

~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~

written in: Malayalam (മലയാളം) ... spoken in: Kerala

പുറംകൊടി puramkodi

• Many thanks to Vinaya Raj V R for help with this name ... efloraofindia
• for Loeseneriella obtusifolia (Roxb.) A.C.Sm. ... Digital Flora of Peninsular India by Herbarium JCB

~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (मराठी) ... spoken in: Maharashtra, Karnataka

दौशीर daushir

• for Hippocratea obtusifolia Roxb. ... The Gazetteer Department ... महाराष्ट्रातील वनस्पतीशास्त्र आणि वनसंपदा
• for Loeseneriella obtusifolia (Roxb.) A.C.Sm. ... Flora of India Vol. 5, Botanical Survey of India

~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~

written in: Tamil (தமிழ்) ... spoken in: Tamil Nadu

மெந்தக் கொடி menthakkodi

• for Loeseneriella obtusifolia (Roxb.) A.C.Sm. ... Tamil names of Botanical names by Yercaud Ilango
• for Loeseneriella obtusifolia (Roxb.) A.C.Sm. ... Flora of India Vol. 5, Botanical Survey of India

~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~

written in: Telugu ( తెలుగు) ... spoken in: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana

మేడితీగ mediteega

• for Loeseneriella obtusifolia (Roxb.) A.C.Sm. ... Flora Andhrika - Plant Wealth of Andhra Pradesh, India

~~~~~ DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~

Andhra Pradesh, *Assam, Goa, Maharashtra, *Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu

• Botanical Survey of India
• for Hippocratea obtusifolia Roxb. ... Enumeration of plants from Gomantak India with a note on botanical excursions to the Castlerock area by V D Vartak
• for Loeseneriella obtusifolia (Roxb.) A.C.Sm. ... Hassler, Michael (2004 - 2023): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version 16.3; last update Aug. 16th, 2023. Last accessed 22/08/2023.
• *Flora of Assam does not list this species

* no given name / no name found, in the regional language(s) of the state

~~~~~ x ~~~~~

Celastraceae Hippocrateaceae endemic "Loeseneriella africana" "Hippocratea africana" "Loeseneriella africana var obtusifolia" "Hippocratea obtusifolia" "Loeseneriella obtusifolia" "climbing shrub"

Litsea coriacea (B.Heyne ex Nees) Hook.f.

LIT-see-a -- Chinese litse or Ii, meaning small, little ... Dave's Botanary
kor-ee-uh-KEE-uh -- leathery ... Dave's Botanary

commonly known as: leather-leaf litsea • Kannada: ಎರ್ಚಿಕೂಟಿ erchikooti, ಮುಜ muja • Malayalam: മരവെട്ടിത്താളി maravettithaali, പന്നിത്താളി pannithaali, വെട്ടിത്താളി vettithaali • Tamil: பன்னித்தழை pannittalai • Tulu: ಎರ್ಚಿಕೂಟಿ erchikooti


botanical names: Litsea coriacea (B.Heyne ex Nees) Hook.f. ... homotypic synonyms: Tetranthera coriacea B.Heyne ex Nees ... heterotypic synonyms: Malapoenna coriacea Kuntze • Tetranthera micrantha Meisn. ... POWO

Bibliography / etymology

Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will.

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~

leather-leaf litsea

• for want of name; name coined by Flowers of India

~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~

ಎರ್ಚಿಕೂಟಿ erchikooti, ಮುಜ muja

• Many thanks to Dr Mahadeswara Swamy for help with these names ... efloraofindia
• Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala and Karnataka - Shodhganga

~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~

മരവെട്ടിത്താളി maravettithaali, പന്നിത്താളി pannithaali, വെട്ടിത്താളി vettithaali

• വിക്കിപീഡിയ - സ്വതന്ത്രസർവ്വവിജ്ഞാനകോശം

~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~

பன்னித்தழை pannittalai

• Tamil names of Botanical names by Yercaud Ilango

~~~~~ TULU ~~~~~

ಎರ್ಚಿಕೂಟಿ erchikooti

• Many thanks to Dr Mahadeswara Swamy for help with this name ... efloraofindia
• Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala and Karnataka - Shodhganga ... ಎರ್ಚಿ erchi = muscle; ಕೂಟಿ kooti = binder ... named so, as the leaves are much used to heal muscle torsion

~~~~~ DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~

*Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, *Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu; endemic

• Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019. FLORA OF KARNATAKA, A Checklist, Volume – 2: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 1 - 1002 (Published by Karnataka Biodiversity Board)
• Hassler, Michael (2004 - 2023): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version 16.3; last update Aug. 16th, 2023. Last accessed 22/08/2023.

* no given name / no name found, in the regional language(s) of the state

~~~~~ x ~~~~~

Lauraceae endemic evergreen dioecious tree "Litsea coriacea" "Tetranthera coriacea" "Malapoenna coriacea" "Tetranthera micrantha" "leathery-leaved laurel"

Liparis odorata (Willd.) Lindl.

lip-AIR-iss -- Greek: liparos (oily, smooth), referring to the glossy leaf surface ... Dave's Botanary
oh-dor-AY-tuh or oh-dor-AH-tuh -- fragrant ... Dave's Botanary

commonly known as: fragrant liparis • Konkani: रान सोनकेळ ran son-kel • Malayalam: കാട്ടു പൊന്നാം മരവാഴ kaattu ponnaam maravaazha • Marathi: रान सोनकेळ ran son-kel


botanical names: Liparis odorata (Willd.) Lindl. ... homotypic synonyms: Malaxis odorata Willd. ... heterotypic synonyms: Liparis paradoxa (Lindl.) Rchb.f. • Liparis parishii (Hook.f.) Hook.f. ... POWO

Bibliography / etymology

Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will.

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~

fragrant liparis

• Flowers of India

~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~

रान सोनकेळ ran son-kel

• name coined from the Malayalam name of this plant, for want of name; रान सोनकेळ ran son-kel = wild golden banana
• also रानकेळ ran-kel = wild banana, is a name given to Liparis nervosa (Thunb.) Lindl. ... Enumeration of plants from Gomantak India with a note on botanical excursions to the Castlerock area by V D Vartak

~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~

കാട്ടു പൊന്നാം മരവാഴ kaattu ponnaam maravaazha

• Many thanks to Vinaya Raj V R and Ajayan Sadanandan for help with this name ... facebook
• Orchids of Eastern Ghats (India) by Kothareddy Prasad, Subbiah Karuppusamy, T. Pullaiah
• കാട്ടു പൊന്നാം മരവാഴ kaattu ponnaam maravaazha = wild golden banana ... Google Translate
• leaves of this plant resemble to that of banana plant; though has no relation to banana family

~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~

रान सोनकेळ ran son-kel

• name coined from the Malayalam name of this plant, for want of name; रान सोनकेळ ran son-kel = wild golden banana
• also रानकेळ ran-kel = wild banana, is a name given to Liparis nervosa (Thunb.) Lindl. ... FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants

~~~~~ DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~

*Andhra Pradesh, *Arunachal Pradesh, *Assam, Goa, *Jharkhand, *Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, *Manipur, *Meghalaya, *Mizoram, *Nagaland, *Odisha, *Sikkim, *Tamil Nadu, *Tripura, *Uttarakhand, *West Bengal

• Baishnab, Biswajit & Banik, Biplab & Majumdar, Koushik & Datta, B. (2019). FOUR NEW ADDITIONS OF ORCHID SPECIES FOR THE FLORA OF TRIPURA, NORTH EAST INDIA.
• Hassler, Michael (2004 - 2023): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version 16.3; last update Aug. 16th, 2023. Last accessed 22/08/2023.

* no given name / no name found, in the regional language(s) of the state

~~~~~ x ~~~~~

Orchidaceae "terrestrial orchid" annual herb "Liparis odorata" "Malaxis odorata" "Liparis paradoxa" "Liparis parishii" "fragrant liparis"

Bonnaya antipoda (L.) Druce

¿ bon-NEY-ah ? -- named for Charles François, Marquis de Bonnay (1750-1825), French military officer, politician and diplomat, student of botany ... Plant genera named after people (1753-1853) by José A. Mari Mut
an-te-PO-da or an-TIP-uh-da -- from the Greek, anti (opposite) and pous (foot), referring to people or places diametrically opposite on the globe ... Dave's Botanary

commonly known as: fart weed, sparrow false pimpernel • Assamese: বগা কাঁচিডৰিয়া baga kachidoria • Bengali: সাদা পানি ঘাস sada pani ghas, জাই ঘাস zai ghas • Khamti: yakio • Tamil: தண்ணிப் பூண்டு thanni poondu • Telugu: నీళ్ల పుండు neella pundu


botanical names: Bonnaya antipoda (L.) Druce ... homotypic synonyms: Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alston • Ruellia antipoda L. ... heterotypic synonyms: Bonnaya bracteata Griff. • Bonnaya verbenifolia (Colsm.) Spreng. • Lindernia verbenifolia (Colsm.) Pennell ... and many more at POWO

Bibliography / etymology

Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will.

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~

fart weed

• G. Gaddeyya and P. K. Ratna Kumar - Studies on weed infestation of some agricultural fields at Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh - Journal of Crop and Weed, 10(2):419-429(2014)

sparrow false pimpernel

• Digital Flora of Karnataka by Herbarium JCB
• or sparrow lindernia ... Flowers of India

~~~~~ ASSAMESE ~~~~~

বগা কাঁচিডৰিয়া baga kachidoria

• Many thanks to Ashim Gogoi for help with this name ... facebook

~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~

সাদা পানি ঘাস sada pani ghas, জাই ঘাস zai ghas

• Many thanks to Subham Sahu for help with these names for Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alston ... facebook

~~~~~ KHAMTI ~~~~~

yakio

• Das & Tag - Ethnomedicinal studies of the Khamti tribe of Arunachal Pradesh - Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge Vol. 5(3), July 2006, pp. 317-322
• this language has its own native script

~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~

தண்ணிப் பூண்டு thanni poondu

• for Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alston ... Tamil names of Botanical names by Yercaud Ilango

~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~

నీళ్ల పుండు neella pundu

• Many thanks to A. Lalithamba for help with this name ... efloraofindia
• for Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alston ... Digital Flora of Eastern Ghats by Herbarium JCB
• for Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alston ... EPTRI-ENVIS Centre (SoE &RI-AP) - Medicinal Herbs - Amazing Healing Properties - Article 08/2015/ENVIS-SoEAP

~~~~~ DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~

Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, *Bihar, *Jharkhand, *Goa, *Gujarat, *Karnataka, *Kerala, *Madhya Pradesh, *Maharashtra, *Meghalaya, *Odisha, Tamil Nadu, *Tripura, *Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal

• for Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alston ... S Rajendra Kumar, S Kalavathy (2010) Floristic status and its conservation in the forests of the north Gujarat region (NGR) Gujarat, India - Shodhganga
• for Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alston ... Qureshimatva UM, Maurya RR, Gamit SB, Solanki HA (2016) - Check List of Flowering Plants in Panchmahal District, Gujarat, India. - Forest Res 5: 176. doi:10.4172/2168-9776.1000176
• for Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alston ... Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019. FLORA OF KARNATAKA, A Checklist, Volume – 2: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 1 - 1002 (Published by Karnataka Biodiversity Board)
• for Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alston ... The Gazetteer Department ... महाराष्ट्रातील वनस्पतीशास्त्र आणि वनसंपदा
• Hassler, Michael (2004 - 2023): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version 16.3; last update Aug. 16th, 2023. Last accessed 19/08/2023.

* no given name / no name found, in the regional language(s) of the state

~~~~~ x ~~~~~

Linderniaceae perennial herb "Bonnaya antipoda" "Lindernia antipoda" "Ruellia antipoda" "Bonnaya bracteata" "Bonnaya verbenifolia" "Lindernia verbenifolia" "fart weed" "sparrow false pimpernel"

Bonnaya gracilis A.Pal, Sardesai & M.Chowdhury

¿ bon-NEY-ah ? -- named for Charles François, Marquis de Bonnay (1750-1825), French military officer, politician and diplomat, student of botany ... Plant genera named after people (1753-1853) by José A. Mari Mut
GRASS-il-is -- graceful; slender ... Dave's Botanary

commonly known as: graceful bonnaya


botanical names: Bonnaya gracilis A.Pal, Sardesai & M.Chowdhury ... POWO

Bibliography / etymology

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~

graceful bonnaya

• name coined, for want of name; derived from the scientific name; epithet gracilis = graceful; bonnaya = from the commemorative genus name Bonnaya, named for Charles François, Marquis de Bonnay (1750-1825), French military officer, politician and diplomat, student of botany

~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~

সাদা পানিঘাস sada panighas

• name of Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alston, prevalent in Bangladesh, shared with this species, for want of name ... Flora - Mehedi Voice

~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~

ತೆಳು ಬೊನೆಯ telu boneya

• name coined, for want of name; ತೆಳು telu = thin, slender; ಬೊನೆಯ boneya = the genus name Bonnaya, Kannadised

~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~

चिनाटी बोनेया chinati boneya

• name coined, for want of name; चिनाटी chinati = little, pretty; बोनेया boneya = the genus name Bonnaya, Marathicised

~~~~~ DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~

*Kerala, *Karnataka, *Maharashtra, *Puducherry, *West Bengal

• Pal, Aaratrik & Sardesai, M. M. & Chowdhury, Monoranjan. (2021). Transfer of Torenia gracilis Benth. to Bonnaya as Bonnaya gracilis sp. nov. (Linderniaceae). Nordic Journal of Botany. 39. 10.1111/njb.03292.

* no given name / no name found, in the regional language(s) of the state

~~~~~ x ~~~~~

Linderniaceae perennial herb "Bonnaya gracilis" "Torenia gracilis" "graceful false pimpernel"

Limnophila repens (Benth.) Benth.

lim-no-FIL-uh -- Greek: límnee (pond), philos (friend) ... Dave's Botanary
REE-penz -- spreading, creeping ... Dave's Botanary

commonly known as: creeping marshweed • Bengali: মাইট্যা কেশরী maitya keshari • Hindi: कपूर kapur • Kannada: ಆಮರಗಂಧಿ amaragandhi, ಮಾಂಗನ್ನಾರಿ maangannaari • Malayalam: മാങ്ങനാറി maanganaari • Marathi: सरपट तुरटी sarpat turati • Mundari: उलि अड़आ uli ara • Sanskrit: आम्रगन्धः amragandhah • Tulu: ಮಾಂಗನ್ನಾರಿ maangannaari


botanical names: Limnophila repens (Benth.) Benth. ... homotypic synonyms: Stemodia repens Benth. ... heterotypic synonyms: Limnophila camphorata Hook.f. ... and many more at POWO

Bibliography / etymology

Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will.

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~

creeping marshweed

• name coined, for want of name; derived from the scientific name; epithet repens = creeping; and marshweed, a generic name for many species of Limnophila

~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~

মাইট্যা কেশরী maitya keshari

• name prevalent in Bangladesh ... Flora - Mehedi Voice

~~~~~ HINDI ~~~~~

कपूर kapur

• Geetanjali Singh and Jyoti Kumar. Diversity and traditional knowledge on some less known edible wild herbaceous plant resource from district Khunti, Jharkhand, India. International Journal of Bioassays 5.5 (2016): 4557-4562.

~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~

ಆಮರಗಂಧಿ amaragandhi, ಮಾಂಗನ್ನಾರಿ maangannaari

• Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala and Karnataka - Shodhganga ... ಆಮರಗಂಧಿ amaragandhi, ಮಾಂಗನ್ನಾರಿ maangannaari = smelling of mango, named for the characteristic aroma of this plant

~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~

മാങ്ങനാറി maanganaari

• Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala and Karnataka - Shodhganga ... മാങ്ങനാറി maanganaari = smelling of mango, named for the characteristic aroma of this plant
• വിക്കിപീഡിയ - സ്വതന്ത്രസർവ്വവിജ്ഞാനകോശം

~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~

सरपट तुरटी sarpat turati

• name coined, for want of name; सरपट sarpat = creeping; तुरटी turati = name given to Limnophila indica

~~~~~ MUNDARI ~~~~~

उलि अड़आ uli ara

• Geetanjali Singh and Jyoti Kumar. Diversity and traditional knowledge on some less known edible wild herbaceous plant resource from district Khunti, Jharkhand, India. International Journal of Bioassays 5.5 (2016): 4557-4562.

~~~~~ SANSKRIT ~~~~~

आम्रगन्धः amragandhah

• Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala and Karnataka - Shodhganga ... आम्रगन्धः amragandhah = smelling of mango, named for the characteristic aroma of this plant

~~~~~ TULU ~~~~~

ಮಾಂಗನ್ನಾರಿ maangannaari

• Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala and Karnataka - Shodhganga ... ಮಾಂಗನ್ನಾರಿ maangannaari = smelling of mango, named for the characteristic aroma of this plant

~~~~~ DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~

*Andhra Pradesh, *Assam, Bihar, Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, *Nagaland, *Odisha, *Sikkim, *Tamil Nadu, *Telangana, West Bengal

• Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019. FLORA OF KARNATAKA, A Checklist, Volume – 2: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 1 - 1002 (Published by Karnataka Biodiversity Board)
• Hazarika, S & Borthakur, Sashin. (2014). Hydrophytic flora of Assam: II. Diversity of aquatic and wetland vascular plants of Nagaon District of Assam, India. 8. 96-108.
• Gollamandala Ravi, Allam Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy, Banoth Sridevi, Dasari Veeranjaneyulu, 2022. Additions of two angiosperm species to the Flora of Telangana state, India. Bioscience Discovery, 13(1):35-40.
• Hassler, Michael (2004 - 2023): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version 16.3; last update Aug. 5th, 2023. Last accessed 15/08/2023.

* no given name / no name found, in the regional language(s) of the state

~~~~~ x ~~~~~

Plantaginaceae amphibious tropical annual perennial "variable aquatic" herb "Limnophila repens" "Stemodia repens" "Limnophila camphorata" "creeping marshweed"

Limnophila indica (L.) Druce

lim-no-FIL-uh -- Greek: límnee (pond); philos (friend) - referring to the plant's natural habitat ... Dave's Botanary
IN-dih-kuh or in-DEE-kuh -- of or from India ... Dave's Botanary

commonly known as: Indian marshweed • Assamese: আমগন্ধী বন amgandhi bon • Bengali: কর্পূর karpur • Gujarati: પૂર્તી purti, તરેટી tareti • Hindi: गुलाबी gulabi, पापड़ी papri • Kannada: ಆಮರಗಂಧಿ amaragandhi, ಮಾಂಗನ್ನಾರಿ maangannaari • Konkani: आंबुली ambuli • Malayalam: മാങ്ങനാറി maanganaari • Marathi: तुरटी turati • Odia: କପୂରା kapura • Rajasthani: गुलाबी gulabi • Sanskrit: आम्रगन्धः amragandhah • Tamil: அம்புலி ambuli • Telugu: అంబుజము ambujam, బగ్గ పత్తి bagga patti, బురదబక్కెన burada bakkena, ఇనాట inaata, నీటి గన్నేరు niti ganneru • Tulu: ಮಾಂಗನ್ನಾರಿ mangannari


botanical names: Limnophila indica (L.) Druce ... homotypic synonyms: Hottonia indica L. • Limnophila gratioloides R.Br. ... heterotypic synonyms: Columnea balsamea Roxb. • Columnea balsamica Roxb. • Limnophila benthamiana Miq. ex Hook.f. ... and many more at POWO

Bibliography / etymology

Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will.

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~

Indian marshweed

• Flowers of India

~~~~~ ASSAMESE ~~~~~

আমগন্ধী বন amgandhi bon

• Many thanks to Brahmananda Pattiri for help with this name ... facebook

~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~

কর্পূর karpur

• for Limnophila gratioloides R.Br. ... BENGAL PLANTS VOL. II by PRAIN, DAVID

~~~~~ GUJARATI ~~~~~

પૂર્તી purti, તરેટી tareti

• Many thanks to Ashok Korat for help with these names ... facebook
• Many thanks to Raymond Doctor for help with these names ... efloraofindia
• or તુરતી turati ... for Limnophila gratioloides R.Br. ... વનસ્પતીઓ ના ગુજરાતી તથા બોટનીકલ નામ ની યાદી (વૈધ કે.જે.ઝાલા)
• Biological Diversity of Gujarat - Published by Gujarat Ecology Commission
• NB Patel, KB Patel - Floristic account of Aquatic and Wetland Angiosperms of Sabarkantha, District Gujarat. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, Volume 1; Issue 4; May 2016; Page No. 29-31
• S Rajendra Kumar, S Kalavathy (2010) Floristic status and its conservation in the forests of the north Gujarat region (NGR) Gujarat, India - Shodhganga

~~~~~ HINDI ~~~~~

गुलाबी gulabi

• FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants
• भारतीय पुष्प - विकिपीडिया - एक मुक्त ज्ञानकोश

पापड़ी papri

• FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants

~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~

ಆಮರಗಂಧಿ amaragandhi

• Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala and Karnataka - Shodhganga ... ಆಮರಗಂಧಿ amaragandhi = smelling of mango, named for the characteristic aroma of this plant
• Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019. FLORA OF KARNATAKA, A Checklist, Volume – 2: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 1 - 1002 (Published by Karnataka Biodiversity Board)

ಮಾಂಗನ್ನಾರಿ maangannaari

• Many thanks to Alankrita for help with this name ... facebook
• Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala and Karnataka - Shodhganga ... ಮಾಂಗನ್ನಾರಿ maangannaari = smelling of mango, named for the characteristic aroma of this plant

~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~

आंबुली ambuli

• Enumeration of plants from Gomantak India with a note on botanical excursions to the Castlerock area by V D Vartak
• आंबुली ambuli = small unripe mango; this plant has characteristic aroma of mango
• one of the synonyms of this species is Ambulia indica (L.) W.Wight; the genus name Ambulia Lamarck, was derived from this Konkani name ambuli ... Dictionary - Merriam-Webster

~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~

മാങ്ങനാറി maanganaari

• FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants
• Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala and Karnataka - Shodhganga ... മാങ്ങനാറി maanganaari = smelling of mango, named for the characteristic aroma of this plant

~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~

तुरटी turati

• The Gazetteer Department ... महाराष्ट्रातील वनस्पतीशास्त्र आणि वनसंपदा

~~~~~ ODIA ~~~~~

କପୂରା kapura

• for Limnophila gratioloides R.Br. ... Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha by Praharaj, G.C.

~~~~~ RAJASTHANI ~~~~~

गुलाबी gulabi

• Tripathi, Y.C., Prabhu, V.V., Pal, R., & Mishra, R. (1996). MEDICINAL PLANTS OF RAJASTHAN IN INDIAN SYSTEM OF MEDICINE. Ancient Science of Life, 15, 190 - 212.

~~~~~ SANSKRIT ~~~~~

आम्रगन्धः amragandhah

• Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala and Karnataka - Shodhganga ... आम्रगन्धः amragandhah = smelling of mango, named for the characteristic aroma of this plant

~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~

அம்புலி ambuli

• Tamil names of plants and trees found in Tamil Nadu - தமிழ் நாட்டின் தாவரங்களின் தமிழ் பெயர்கள்

~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~

అంబుజము ambujam, బగ్గ పత్తి bagga patti, బురదబక్కెన burada bakkena, ఇనాట inaata, నీటి గన్నేరు niti ganneru

• Flora Andhrika - Plant Wealth of Andhra Pradesh, India
• FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants

~~~~~ TULU ~~~~~

ಮಾಂಗನ್ನಾರಿ mangannari

• Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala and Karnataka - Shodhganga ... ಮಾಂಗನ್ನಾರಿ mangannari = smelling of mango, named for the characteristic aroma of this plant

~~~~~ DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~

throughout tropical parts of India (more common in coastal states); Andhra Pradesh, Assam, *Arunachal Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, *Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharastra, *Manipur, Odisha, Rajasthan, *Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal

• Panda, Muktipada & Satapathy, Mahendra & Samal, Dr. Rabindro. (2020). Taxonomic revision and new locational report of Limnophila indica (L.) Druce: A species becoming rare by the invasion of aquatic macrophytes. Tropical Plant Research. 7. 268-276. 10.22271/tpr.2020.v7.i2.032.
• Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019. FLORA OF KARNATAKA, A Checklist, Volume – 2: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 1 - 1002 (Published by Karnataka Biodiversity Board)
• Bipin Kumar Sinha, Sudhansu Sekhar Dash, Paramjit Singh - Plants of Indian Himalayan Region Part - II An annotated checklist & pictorial guide - BOTANICAL SURVEY OF INDIA
• Hassler, Michael (2004 - 2023): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version 16.3; last update Aug. 5th, 2023. Last accessed 09/08/2023.

* no given name / no name found, in the regional language(s) of the state

~~~~~ x ~~~~~

Plantaginaceae amphibious aquatic "semi-aquatic" perennial herb "Limnophila indica" "Hottonia indica" "Columnea balsamea" "Columnea balsamica" "Limnophila benthamiana" "Indian marshweed"

Ligustrum robustum subsp. perrottetii (A.DC.) de Juana

lig-GUS-trum -- an old name for privet ... Dave's Botanary
roh-BUS-tum -- robust ... Dave's Botanary
¿ per-ROT-tay-tee-eye ? -- named for George Samuel Perrottet, Swiss-born French botanist and horticulturist ... IPNI

commonly known as: Nilgiri privet • Kannada: ಕೂಲಿ ಮರ koli mara • Konkani: कुंगीण kungin • Malayalam: പിങ്കൻ pinkan, പുന്നു punnu • Marathi: कुंगीण kungin, लोखंडी lokhandi, मेडसिंग medsing • Tamil: சிற்றழிஞ்சில் cirralincil, கோலி koli, புன்கு punku


botanical names: Ligustrum robustum subsp. perrottetii (A.DC.) de Juana ... homotypic synonyms: Ligustrum perrottetii A.DC. ... heterotypic synonyms: Ligustrum candolleanum Blume • Ligustrum neilgherrense Wight • Ligustrum obovatum Decne. ... POWO

Bibliography / etymology

Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will.

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~

Nilgiri privet

• Flowers of India
• or Nilgherry privet ... Nilgiri spelled as Nilgherry during colonial period in India

~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~

ಕೂಲಿ ಮರ koli mara

• for Ligustrum perrottetii A.DC. ... BIOTIK (Biodiversity Informatics and co-operation in Taxonomy for Interactive shared Knowledge base)
• or simply ಕೂಲಿ koli ... for Ligustrum perrottetii A.DC. ... Mandayam Digital Library | FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants
• or ಕೊಲೀ kolee ... for Ligustrum perrottetii A.DC. ... Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019. FLORA OF KARNATAKA, A Checklist, Volume – 2: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 1 - 1002 (Published by Karnataka Biodiversity Board)
• or ಕೂಲಿ kooli ... for Ligustrum perrottetii A.DC. ... Katrahalli, Kotresha & Kambhar, Sidanand & Harihar, N. (2011). FLORISTIC COMPOSITION OF WOODY SPECIES IN KARNATAK COLLEGE, DHARWAD (KCD), KARNATAKA, INDIA. Life sciences Leaflets. 18. 656 –669.

~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~

कुंगीण kungin

• name borrowed, for want of name; कुंगीण kungin - Marathi name for this species, and Konkani name for Ligustrum microphyllum Bedd.

~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~

പിങ്കൻ pinkan, പുന്നു punnu

• for Ligustrum perrottetii A.DC. ... വിക്കിപീഡിയ - സ്വതന്ത്രസർവ്വവിജ്ഞാനകോശം
• for Ligustrum perrottetii A.DC. ... BIOTIK (Biodiversity Informatics and co-operation in Taxonomy for Interactive shared Knowledge base)

~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~

कुंगीण kungin, मेडसिंग medsing

• for Ligustrum neilgherrense Wight ... मराठी विश्वकोश - विध्ययाऽमृतमश्नुते
• for Ligustrum perrottetii A.DC. ... FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants

लोखंडी lokhandi

• for Ligustrum perrottetii A.DC. ... The Useful Plants of India by NISCAIR

~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~

சிற்றழிஞ்சில் cirralincil

• for Ligustrum neilgherrense Wight ... Tamil lexicon [Madras], University of Madras

கோலி koli

• for Ligustrum perrottetii A.DC. ... Tamil lexicon [Madras], University of Madras
• for Ligustrum perrottetii A.DC. ... FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants

புன்கு punku

• for Ligustrum perrottetii A.DC. ... Tamil lexicon [Madras], University of Madras

~~~~~ DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~

Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Lakshadweep Islands, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu; endemic

• for Ligustrum perrottetii A.DC. ... Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019. FLORA OF KARNATAKA, A Checklist, Volume – 2: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 1 - 1002 (Published by Karnataka Biodiversity Board)
• Hassler, Michael (2004 - 2023): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version 16.3; last update Aug. 5th, 2023. Last accessed 09/08/2023.

~~~~~ x ~~~~~

Oleaceae endemic evergreen tree "Ligustrum robustum subsp perrottetii" "Ligustrum robustum ssp perrottetii" "Ligustrum perrottetii" "Ligustrum candolleanum" "Ligustrum neilgherrense" "Ligustrum obovatum" "Nilgherry privet" "Nilgiri privet"