Xylocarpus granatum J.Koenig

zy-lo-KAR-pus -- woody fruit ... Dave's Botanary
gran-AH-tum -- many seeds ... Dave's Botanary

commonly known as: apple mangrove, cannonball mangrove, cedar mangrove, Malay karapa, puzzlenut tree • Bengali: ধুন্দল dhundal, পরুষ parusha • Marathi: भेलांडा bhelanda, कर्पा karpa, समुद्रफळ samudraphal • Odia: ଚେପା chepa, ପୀତାମାରି pitamari, ଶୁଶୁମାର shushumar • Tamil: சொன்முந்திரி conmuntiri, கண்டலங்காய் kantalankay • Telugu: చెనుగ chenuga


botanical names: Xylocarpus granatum J.Koenig ... homotypic synonyms: Carapa granatum (J.Koenig) Alston ... heterotypic synonyms: Carapa carnuosula (Zoll. & Moritzi) Kurz • Carapa obovata Blume • Xylocarpus obovatus (Blume) Spreng. ... and more at POWO, retrieved 12 February 2025

Bibliography / etymology

Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will. The bits about the languages of India mentioned below are merely some bare facts gathered from the internet; just enough to satisfy curiosity about "where" could the listed names be best prevalent in India. All English transliterated names to be taken sensu amplo.

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~

written and spoken widely, in most parts of India

apple mangrove

• EPPO (2025) EPPO Global Database. [accessed on 12 February 2025]

cannonball mangrove, cedar mangrove, puzzlenut tree

• Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia

Malay karapa

• for Carapa obovata Blume ... Tamil lexicon [Madras], University of Madras

~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~

written in: Bengali (বাংলা) ... spoken in: West Bengal, Assam, Jharkhand, Tripura, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

ধুন্দল dhundal

• Flora - Mehedi Voice
• Indian Mangroves - ENVIS Resource Partner (RP) on Biodiversity - Botanical Survey of India
• Arisdason W., Magesh C.R. & P. Venu 2008. The Genus Xylocarpus J. König (Meliaceae) in India. Rheedea 18(1): 43-52.

পরুষ parusha

• Bangala Bhashara Abhidhana by Jnanendramohana Dasa

~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~

written in: Devanagari (मराठी) ... spoken in: Maharashtra, Karnataka

भेलांडा bhelanda

• खारफुटीची विविधता (Mangrove Diversity of Maharashtra) - महाराष्ट्र कांदळवन आणि सागरी जैवविविधता संवर्धन प्रतिष्ठान
• Mugade, Nisha & Sapkale, Jagdish. (2014). A Review of Mangrove Conservation Studies in Maharashtra, India. International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR), ER Publications. ISSN 321-0869. 2321-869.

कर्पा karpa

• name coined, for want of name, by Shrikant Ingalhalikar, the author of Further Flowers of Sahyadri, the second among the three field guides to identify plants of northern Western Ghats of India, based on flowers

समुद्रफळ samudraphal

• Mugade, Nisha & Sapkale, Jagdish. (2014). A Review of Mangrove Conservation Studies in Maharashtra, India. International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR), ER Publications. ISSN 321-0869. 2321-869.

~~~~~ ODIA ~~~~~

written in: Odia (ଓଡ଼ିଆ) ... spoken in: Odisha, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

ଚେପା chepa

• Arisdason W., Magesh C.R. & P. Venu 2008. The Genus Xylocarpus J. König (Meliaceae) in India. Rheedea 18(1): 43-52.
• the name rendered in native script needs validation

ପୀତାମାରି pitamari

• Indian Mangroves - ENVIS Resource Partner (RP) on Biodiversity - Botanical Survey of India

ଶୁଶୁମାର shushumar

• Arisdason W., Magesh C.R. & P. Venu 2008. The Genus Xylocarpus J. König (Meliaceae) in India. Rheedea 18(1): 43-52. or ଶିଶୁମାର shishumara
• for Xylocarpus obovatus (Blume) Spreng. ... Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha by Praharaj, G.C.

~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~

written in: Tamil (தமிழ்) ... spoken in: Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

சொன்முந்திரி conmuntiri

• for Malay karapa ... Tamil lexicon [Madras], University of Madras
• FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants

கண்டலங்காய் kantalankay

• for Carapa obovata Blume ... Tamil lexicon [Madras], University of Madras
• FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants

~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~

written in: Telugu ( తెలుగు) ... spoken in: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Puducherry

చెనుగ chenuga

• Flora Andhrika - Plant Wealth of Andhra Pradesh, India

~~~~~ DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~

Andaman & Nicobar islands, Andhra Pradesh, !Daman & Diu, *Goa, *Gujarat, !Karnataka, !Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal

• Hassler, Michael (1994 - 2025): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version 25.02; last update February 8th, 2025. Last accessed 12/02/2025 (dd/mm/yyyy).
• Arisdason W., Magesh C.R. & P. Venu 2008. The Genus Xylocarpus J. König (Meliaceae) in India. Rheedea 18(1): 43-52.

* no given name / no name found in the regional language(s) of the state
! distribution doubtful

~~~~~ Created on: 20:32 12-02-2025 ¦ Last updated: 20:58 13-02-2025 ~~~~~

Meliaceae evergreen mangrove tree "Xylocarpus granatum" "Carapa granatum" "Carapa carnuosula" "Carapa obovata" "Xylocarpus obovatus" "apple mangrove" "cannonball mangrove" "cedar mangrove" "Malay karapa" "puzzlenut tree"