¿ nee-KOH-tay-bah ? -- anagram of the epithet betonica; could not find reasoning
bet-OH-nee-kuh -- variant of vettonica, a Spanish native plant ... Dave's Botanary
commonly known as: leafy bract justicia, paper plume, rose-spotted white-flowered Justice wort, squirrel's tail, white shrimp plant • Bengali: পাটল বাসক patela basak • Gujarati: ગુલાબી અરડુસી gulabi aradusi • Hindi: हाड़पात hadpat, मोकंदर mokander, प्रमेहःहराती pramehaharati • Kannada: ಕಾಡು ಕನಕಾಂಬರ kaadu kanakaambara, ಸಣ್ಣ ಅಡುಸೋಗೆ sanna adusoge • Konkani: धवो पोक्षो dhavo pokso • Malayalam: വെള്ളക്കുറിഞ്ഞി vellakurunji • Marathi: गुलाबी अडुलसा gulabi adulasa • Odia: ମାଟି ଶାଗ mati saga • Rajasthani: गुलाबी अडूसा gulabi adusa • Sanskrit: श्वेत सहचरः sveta-sahacarah • Santali: ᱛᱟᱭᱟᱨ tayar • Tamil: வேலிமூங்கில் veli-munkil • Telugu: తెల్ల రంతు tellarantu
botanical names: Nicoteba betonica (L.) Lindau ... homotypic synonyms: Adhatoda betonica (L.) Nees • Ecbolium betonica (L.) Kuntze • Justicia betonica L. ... heterotypic synonyms: Gendarussa betonica Nees ex Steud., not validly publ. ... and more at POWO, retrieved 27 June 2025
NOTE: Most of the references listed below in the bibliography section are for Justicia betonica L. which remains more known and popular name of this species.
Bibliography / etymology
Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will. The bits about the languages of India mentioned below are merely some bare facts gathered from the internet; just enough to satisfy curiosity about "where" could the listed names be best prevalent in India. All English transliterated names to be taken sensu amplo.
~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~
written and spoken widely, in most parts of India
leafy bract justicia, paper plume
- Plants of the World Online (POWO)
rose-spotted white-flowered Justice wort
- Forest Flora of Andhra Pradesh - by RD Reddy & Md Sharfuddin Khan
squirrel's tail
- Encyclopedia of Life (EOL)
white shrimp plant
- Plantnet - a citizen science project
~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~
written in: Bengali (বাংলা) ... spoken in: West Bengal, Assam, Jharkhand, Tripura, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
পাটল বাসক patela basak
- name coined, for want of name; পাটল patela = pink, for the pink variegated white flowers; বাসক basak = the popular medicinal plant Justicia adhatoda L.
- BENGAL PLANTS VOL. II by PRAIN, DAVID
~~~~~ GUJARATI ~~~~~
written in: Gujarati (ગુજરાતી) ... spoken in: Gujarat, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu
ગુલાબી અરડુસી gulabi aradusi
- name coined, for want of name; many thanks to Bhavin K. Desai for coining this name ... facebook
- Yadav, Shri Ram A contribution to the floristics and phytosociology of some parts of South Gujarat - Shodhganga
- S Rajendra Kumar, S Kalavathy - Floristic status and its conservation in the forests of the north Gujarat region (NGR) Gujarat, India - Shodhganga
~~~~~ HINDI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (हिन्दी) ... spoken in: Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand
हाड़पात hadpat - name prevalent in Bihar
- Indian Medicinal Plants: An Illustrated Dictionary by C P Khare
- the spelling of this name in the native script needs to be validated
मोकंदर mokander, प्रमेहःहराती pramehaharati - names prevalent in Madhya Pradesh
- Indian Medicinal Plants: An Illustrated Dictionary by C P Khare
- the spellings of these names in the native script need to be validated
~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~
written in: Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ) ... spoken in: Karnataka
ಕಾಡು ಕನಕಾಂಬರ kaadu kanakaambara
- FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants
- Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019. FLORA OF KARNATAKA, A Checklist, Volume – 2: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 1 - 1002 (Published by Karnataka Biodiversity Board)
ಸಣ್ಣ ಅಡುಸೋಗೆ sanna adusoge
- Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019. FLORA OF KARNATAKA, A Checklist, Volume – 2: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 1 - 1002 (Published by Karnataka Biodiversity Board)
~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (कोंकणी) / Kannada (ಕೊಂಕಣಿ) / Malayalam (കൊങ്കണി) / Perso-Arabic (کونکنی) / Romi (Konknni) ... spoken in: Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala, Gujarat
धवो पोक्षो dhavo pokso
- Enumeration of plants from Gomantak India with a note on botanical excursions to the Castlerock area by V D Vartak
~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~
written in: Malayalam (മലയാളം) ... spoken in: Kerala, Lakshadweep
വെള്ളക്കുറിഞ്ഞി vellakurunji
- വിക്കിപീഡിയ - സ്വതന്ത്രസർവ്വവിജ്ഞാനകോശം
~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (मराठी) ... spoken in: Maharashtra, Karnataka
गुलाबी अडुलसा gulabi adulasa
- name coined, for want of name, by Shrikant Ingalhalikar, the author of Flowers of Sahyadri, the first among the three field guides to identify plants of northern Western Ghats of India, based on flowers
~~~~~ ODIA ~~~~~
written in: Odia (ଓଡ଼ିଆ) ... spoken in: Odisha, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
ମାଟି ଶାଗ mati saga
- Many thanks to Ranjan Moharana for help with this name ... facebook
- Kumar, Sanjeet & Supriya Devi, Rajkumari. (2020). Report on Floral Diversity of SAMBHAV, Nayagarh, Odisha, India. 10.13140/RG.2.2.21260.54402.
~~~~~ RAJASTHANI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (राजस्थानी) ... spoken in: Rajasthan
गुलाबी अडूसा gulabi adusa
- name coined, for want of name, on lines of the Marathi name; गुलाबी gulabi = pink, for the pink variegated white flowers; अडूसा adusa = the popular medicinal plant Justicia adhatoda L.
- Banswara - Forest Department - Rajasthan Government
~~~~~ SANSKRIT ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (संस्कृतम्) ... used all over India by priests and scholars
श्वेत सहचरः sveta-sahacarah
- FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants
- or श्वेत सहचर shweta sahachara ... Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019. FLORA OF KARNATAKA, A Checklist, Volume – 2: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 1 - 1002 (Published by Karnataka Biodiversity Board)
~~~~~ SANTALI ~~~~~
written in: Ol Chiki (ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ), Bengali (সাঁওতালী), Odia (ସାନ୍ତାଳୀ), Devanagari (सान्ताली), Roman ... spoken in: Jharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha
ᱛᱟᱭᱟᱨ tayar
- ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ - ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ
- or ᱛᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱷᱟ tayar baha ... A Santali-English dictionary by A. Campbell, of the Santal mission
~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~
written in: Tamil (தமிழ்) ... spoken in: Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
வேலிமூங்கில் veli-munkil
- Tamil lexicon [Madras], University of Madras
- விக்கிப்பீடியா - கட்டற்ற கலைக் களஞ்சியம்
- FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants
~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~
written in: Telugu ( తెలుగు) ... spoken in: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Puducherry
తెల్ల రంతు tella rantu
- Many thanks to A. Lalithamba for help with this name ... efloraofindia ... tella తెల్ల = white / pale; rantu రంతు = way OR road, white veins on the bract, alluding to roads
- Flora Andhrika - Plant Wealth of Andhra Pradesh, India
- FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants
~~~~~ DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~
throughout, often cultivated
- Hassler, Michael (2004 - 2023): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version 16.1; last update June 16th, 2023.
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Created on: 10:40 05-07-2023 ¦ Last updated: 12:39 28-06-2025 (DD-MM-YYYY)
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